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"technology evolution"
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i-Minds 2.0 : how and why constant connectivity is rewiring our brains and what to do about it
\"Engaging and scientifically rigorous, this fully updated edition of i-Minds explores screen-based technology's assimilation into our lives, pondering them as both godsend and plague, demonstrating how constant connectivity is changing our brains and exploring positive steps to take to embrace new technologies.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Innovation ecosystems and the pace of substitution: Re-examining technology S-curves
Why do some new technologies emerge and quickly supplant incumbent technologies while others take years or decades to take off? We explore this question by presenting a framework that considers both the focal competing technologies as well as the ecosystems in which they are embedded. Within our framework, each episode of technology transition is characterized by the ecosystem emergence challenge that confronts the new technology and the ecosystem extension opportunity that is available to the old technology. We identify four qualitatively distinct regimes with clear predictions for the pace of substitution. Evidence from 10 episodes of technology transitions in the semiconductor lithography equipment industry from 1972 to 2009 offers strong support for our framework. We discuss the implication of our approach for firm strategy.
Journal Article
Transhumanism : engineering the human condition : history, philosophy and current status
This book is designed to offer a comprehensive high-level introduction to transhumanism, an international political and cultural movement that aims to produce a \"paradigm shift\" in our ethical and political understanding of human evolution. Transhumanist thinkers want the human species to take the course of evolution into its own hands, using advanced technologies currently under development ? such as robotics, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, cognitive neurosciences, and nanotechnology ? to overcome our present physical and mental limitations, improve our intelligence beyond the current maximum achievable level, acquire skills that are currently the preserve of other species, abolish involuntary aging and death, and ultimately achieve a post-human level of existence. The book covers transhumanism from a historical, philosophical, and scientific viewpoint, tracing its cultural roots, discussing the main philosophical, epistemological, and ethical issues, and reviewing the state of the art in scientific research on the topics of most interest to transhumanists. The writing style is clear and accessible for the general reader, but the book will also appeal to graduate and undergraduate students.
Book
Demand Heterogeneity in Platform Markets: Implications for Complementors
While two-sided platforms (e.g., video game consoles) depend on complements (e.g., games) for their success, the success of complements is also influenced by platform-level dynamics. Research suggests that greater platform adoption benefits complements by providing more potential users, but this assumes that platform adopters are homogeneous. We build on extensive research exploring the heterogeneity between early and late platform adopters to identify counterintuitive dynamics for complements. Complements launched early in a platform’s life cycle face an audience entirely of early platform adopters, whereas later-launching complements face a mixed audience of both early and late adopters, and we argue that differences in preferences and behavior between early and late adopters affect whether complements will succeed and which types will be most successful. We explore these dynamics in the context of the console video game industry using a unique data set of 2,918 video games released in the United Kingdom from 2000 to 2007. We show that despite the increase in the potential user pool as the platform evolves, video games launched later in the platform life cycle realize lower sales than those launched earlier. While increased competition explains part of this effect, we show substantial evidence consistent with our theory of preference differences between early and late adopters. This includes the finding that the negative effect is stronger for novel games and that the gap between popular and less popular complements widens as later adopters move into the platform, consistent with late adopters being risk averse and seeking to avoid purchasing mistakes.
The e-companion is available at
https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2017.1183
.
Journal Article
Charles Darwin : destroyer of myths
\"Charles Darwin did not deliberately set out to be the \"destroyer of mythical beliefs,\" some of which, in his early days as a young Christian, he had previously espoused. He was a modest man who liked to avoid controversy of any kind, yet paradoxically, he was to be the cause of the greatest controversy in the history of science and religion. When Darwin embarked on the HMS Beagle in late December 1831, bound for the southern hemisphere, he could not have imagined that the experience would lead him to formulate a theory that would totally revolutionize the way in which we viewed the natural world. He did not come to his conclusions about the origin and evolution of all life on Earth quickly, though, for just as the living organisms to which his theory applied had evolved over millions of years, so his thinking evolved as his own life progressed. How did this thoughtful, methodical scientist come to have such an impact on his time--and on ours? These questions and more are what Andrew Norman seeks to answer in this biography of the author of The Origin of Species\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
A structural analysis approach to identify technology innovation and evolution path: a case of m-payment technology ecosystem
Purpose
The evolution of technology has become the mainstream of the current technological innovation era. Technological change is organized in its unique pattern and a new approach that takes place in a systematic and selective manner. Such change is generally molded with the amalgamation of various factors, namely, economic, social or scientific and technological. This paper aims to focus on identifying technological trajectories in a technological ecosystem with the case of m-payment technology.
Design/methodology/approach
This study constructs a patent citation network for mobile payment service technology through patent citation data and identifies the main evolution process using the main path analysis of the network. The scope of this study focuses on key innovation using social network analysis and patent citation network, validated using the case of a mobile payment system and analyzing its technological trajectory.
Findings
Analyzing technology evolution provides a greater insight of the overall technology landscape to the researcher and practitioner. Analyzing the m-payment technology landscape gives three main categories of m-payment systems: the mobile financial transaction system), the payee mobile device payment selection system and e-wallet services.
Originality/value
The novelty of this research lies in the process of identifying technological evolution using social network and patent citation network analysis. The case of m-payment technology ecosystem is studied quantitatively which is not explored by previous researchers. This research provides a way to develop the main path technology of innovative products or services to identify technology evolution using the case of m-payment landscape.
Journal Article
Mapping and comparing the technology evolution paths of scientific papers and patents: an integrated approach for forecasting technology trends
Exploring the key technology evolution paths in specific technological domains is essential to stimulate the technological innovation of enterprises. There have been many methods to identify the technology evolution path, but many of them still had some limitations. Firstly, many studies consider only a single type of data source without analyzing and comparing multiple data sources, which may lead to incomplete evolution paths. Secondly, the text mining methods ignore the semantic relationships between technical terms, making path tracing inaccurate. In this study, we develop an integrated approach for mapping the technology evolution paths of scientific papers and patents. To better forecast the technology development trends, the gap analysis between scientific papers and patents and the identification of potential topics are also applied. The all-solid-state lithium-ion battery technology is selected for the empirical study and the related technology evolution trends and the technology opportunities are focused on. The empirical case research results show the proposed method’s validity and feasibility. This method can be helpful for understanding and analyzing the specific technology, which provides clues for forecasting technology development trends in enterprises. Furthermore, it contributes to the coordination of research and development efforts, which provides a reference for enterprises to identify technology innovation opportunities.
Journal Article
The constructal law of design and evolution in nature
Constructal theory is the view that (i) the generation of images of design (pattern, rhythm) in nature is a phenomenon of physics and (ii) this phenomenon is covered by a principle (the constructal law): ‘for a finite-size flow system to persist in time (to live) it must evolve such that it provides greater and greater access to the currents that flow through it’. This law is about the necessity of design to occur, and about the time direction of the phenomenon: the tape of the design evolution ‘movie’ runs such that existing configurations are replaced by globally easier flowing configurations. The constructal law has two useful sides: the prediction of natural phenomena and the strategic engineering of novel architectures, based on the constructal law, i.e. not by mimicking nature. We show that the emergence of scaling laws in inanimate (geophysical) flow systems is the same phenomenon as the emergence of allometric laws in animate (biological) flow systems. Examples are lung design, animal locomotion, vegetation, river basins, turbulent flow structure, self-lubrication and natural multi-scale porous media. This article outlines the place of the constructal law as a self-standing law in physics, which covers all the ad hoc (and contradictory) statements of optimality such as minimum entropy generation, maximum entropy generation, minimum flow resistance, maximum flow resistance, minimum time, minimum weight, uniform maximum stresses and characteristic organ sizes. Nature is configured to flow and move as a conglomerate of ‘engine and brake’ designs.
Journal Article