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A Review of Miniature Radio Transmitters for Wildlife Tracking
This article surveys the literature on miniature radio transmitters designed to track free-ranging wild animals using emitter-localization techniques. The articles covers the topics of power sources used in such transmitters, including miniature batteries and energy harvesting, techniques for generating the transmitted radio-frequency carrier, techniques for creating short radio pulses and more general on–off schedules, modulation in modern wildlife-tracking transmitters, construction, manufacturing, and tuning techniques, and recent trends in this area. The article also describes the recreation of the first successful wildlife-tracking transmitter, a nontrivial invention that had a profound impact on wildlife ecology, and explores its behavior.
Journal Article
The mathematical radio : inside the magic of AM, FM, and single-sideband
\"A trade book on the mathematics of radio\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Technology on the Move: Recent and Forthcoming Innovations for Tracking Migratory Birds
Basic questions about the life histories of migratory birds have confounded scientists for generations, yet we are nearing an era of historic discovery as new tracking technologies make it possible to determine the timing and routes of an increasing number of bird migrations. Tracking small flying animals as they travel over continental-scale distances is a difficult logistical and engineering challenge. Although no tracking system works well with all species, improvements to traditional technologies, such as satellite tracking, along with innovations related to global positioning systems, cellular networks, solar geolocation, radar, and information technology are improving our understanding of when and where birds go during their annual cycles and informing numerous scientific disciplines, including evolutionary biology, population ecology, and global change. The recent developments described in this article will help us answer many long-standing questions about animal behavior and life histories.
Journal Article
Energy-Efficient UART Design on FPGA Using Dynamic Voltage Scaling for Green Communication in Industrial Sector
In the present scheme of the world, the problem of shortage of power is seen across the world which can be a vulnerability to various communication securities. The scope of proposed research is that it is a step towards completing green communication technology concepts. In order to improve energy efficiency in communication networks, we designed UART using different nanometers of FPGA, which consumes the least amount of energy. This shortage is happening because of expanding of industries across the world and the rapid growth of the population. Therefore, to save the power for our upcoming generation, the globe is moving towards the concept and ideas of green communication and power-/energy-efficient gadget. In this work, a power-efficient universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART) is implemented on 28 nm Artix-7 field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The objective of this work is to reduce the power utilization of UART with the FPGA device in industries. To do this, the same authors have used voltage scaling techniques and compared the results with the existing FPGA works.
Journal Article
A Hybrid RF/FSO Transmission System Based on a Shared Transmitter
In this work, we propose a novel design of a hybrid transmission integrated system for radio frequency (RF) and free-space optical (FSO) communications, in which the RF and FSO links are able to share the transmitter and the transmission link. In this system, the RF link can usually be considered as a complement to the FSO link, and the hybridization of the two transmissions allows the system to adapt to a variety of complex environments while maintaining a high rate of transmission, improves system stability, and greatly reduces system complexity through the design of a shared transmitter. An experimental demonstration of the system has been carried out, and the results show that the hybrid RF/FSO system supports 50 Gbit/s transmission, satisfying the 20% soft-decision forward error correction (SD-FEC) threshold of 2.4 × 10−2. Additionally, for the FSO link, the system supports 100 GBaud QPSK and 32 GBaud 16QAM transmissions individually. The proposed structure combines the advantages of RF and FSO, providing a foundation for future high-speed, broadband, all-environment communication.
Journal Article
Design and performance evaluation of a mature FM/DAB/DVB-T multi-illuminator passive radar system
Passive radar (PR) systems use the target illumination by third-party transmitters, for example, from broadcast or cellular base stations, for target detection and localisation. Since PR does not use an own transmitter, it can be installed and operated at low cost and it is hard to detect and jam. These advantages and the increasing maturity of PR technology has led to growing interest in these systems over the last years. However, until now most PR systems have been rather experimental set-ups tailored to a single frequency band or implemented as laboratory test devices. This study in contrast describes the design, implementation and performance evaluation of a multi-band, multi-illuminator PR system developed at near-production stage. Starting out from a FM-broadcast-based approach, the step to DAB-based and DVB-T-based operation has already been made. As a result, a fully mobile FM/DAB/DVB-T multi-band PR system is now available, offering maximum flexibility for measurement campaigns with air, ground and sea targets. Experiments with a great variety of third-party transmitters and arbitrary transmitter-target-receiver geometries have been conducted. The design considerations and the resulting PR system concept are described, and the results of representative measurement campaigns with different types of ground and aerial targets are presented.
Journal Article