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"uranium"
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Effect of CaCl.sub.2 concentration on surface desiccation cracks of red clay and its radon retardation performance
Soil covering method is commonly used in uranium tailings pond beach management, but the material used and environmental factors can affect long-term safety and stability. The study tested CaCl.sub.2 solution concentrations for desiccation crack development and radon retardation in red clay. Four red clay radon shielding layer specimens with varying solution concentrations underwent drying tests. Results showed that soil mineral composition remained unchanged and the crack rate decreased with increased CaCl.sub.2 solution concentration; the best radon retardation effect is achieved by mixing CaCl.sub.2 solution with 3% concentration. These findings can guide effective radon treatment on uranium tailing pond beach surfaces.
Journal Article
Being Nuclear
Uranium from Africa has long been a major source of fuel for nuclear power and atomic weapons, including the bomb dropped on Hiroshima. In 2002, George W. Bush claimed that Saddam Hussein had \"sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" (later specified as the infamous \"yellowcake from Niger\"). Africa suddenly became notorious as a source of uranium, a component of nuclear weapons. But did that admit Niger, or any of Africa's other uranium-producing countries, to the select society of nuclear states? Does uranium itself count as a nuclear thing? In this book, Gabrielle Hecht lucidly probes the question of what it means for something--a state, an object, an industry, a workplace--to be \"nuclear.\" Hecht shows that questions about being nuclear--a state that she calls \"nuclearity\"--lie at the heart of today's global nuclear order and the relationships between \"developing nations\" (often former colonies) and \"nuclear powers\" (often former colonizers). Nuclearity, she says, is not a straightforward scientific classification but a contested technopolitical one.Hecht follows uranium's path out of Africa and describes the invention of the global uranium market. She then enters African nuclear worlds, focusing on miners and the occupational hazard of radiation exposure. Could a mine be a nuclear workplace if (as in some South African mines) its radiation levels went undetected and unmeasured? With this book, Hecht is the first to put Africa in the nuclear world, and the nuclear world in Africa. Doing so, she remakes our understanding of the nuclear age.
eBook
Chain reactions : the hopeful history of uranium
\"Tracing uranium's past, and how it intersects with our understanding of other radioactive elements, this book aims to disentangle our attitudes and to unpick the atomic mindset. Chain Reactions looks at the fascinating, often-forgotten, stories that can be found throughout the history of the element. Ranging from glassworks to penny stocks; medicines to weapons; something to be feared to a powerful source of energy, this global history not only explores the development of our scientific understanding of uranium, but also shines a light on its cultural and social impact. By understanding our nuclear past, we can move beyond the ideological opposition to atomic technology and encourage a more nuanced dialogue about whether it is feasible--and desirable--to have a genuinely nuclear-powered future\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Being nuclear : Africans and the global uranium trade
Hecht shows that questions about being nuclear - a state that she calls 'nuclearity' - lie at the heart of today's global nuclear order and the relationships between 'developing nations' and 'nuclear powers'. Nuclearity, she says, is not a straightforward scientific classification but a contested technopolitical one.
Book
Migration of sup.238U and sup.226Ra Radionuclides in Technogenic Permafrost Taiga Landscapes of Southern Yakutia, Russia
This article describes the features and migration patterns of natural long-lived heavy radionuclides [sup.238]U and [sup.226]Ra in the major components of the environment including rocks, river waters, soils, and vegetation of permafrost taiga landscapes of Southern Yakutia, which helped us to understand the scale and levels of their radioactive contamination. Different methods have been used in this study to determine the content of [sup.238]U and [sup.226]Ra in various samples, including gamma-ray spectrometry, X-ray spectroscopy, laser excited luminescence, and emanation method. It was determined that the main source of radioactive pollution of soil and vegetation cover, as well as surface waters in these technogenic landscapes, are the dumps of radioactive rock that were formed here as the result of geological exploration carried out in this area during the last third of the 20th century. The rocks studied were initially characterized by a coarse, mainly stony gravelly composition and contrasting radiation parameters, where the gamma radiation exposure rate varied between 1.71 and 16.7 µSv/h, and the contents of [sup.238]U and [sup.226]Ra were within the range 126–1620 mg/kg and 428–5508 × 10[sup.−7] mg/kg, respectively, and the [sup.226]Ra: [sup.238]U ratio was 1.0. This ratio shifted later on from the equilibrium state towards the excess of either [sup.238]U or [sup.226]Ra, due to the processes of air, water, and biogenic migration. Two types of [sup.238]U and [sup.226]Ra radionuclides migration were observed in studied soils, namely aerotechnogenic and hydrotechnogenic, each of which results in a different intraprofile radionuclide distribution and different levels of radioactive contamination. In this study, we also identified plants capable of selective accumulation of certain radionuclides, including Siberian mountain ash (Sorbus sibiricus), which selectively absorbs [sup.226]Ra, and terrestrial green and aquatic mosses, which accumulate significant amounts of [sup.238]U.
Journal Article
Uranium geology of the Middle East and North Africa : resources, exploration and development program
Uranium Geology of the Middle East and North Africa demonstrates mining potential in the MENA region, with a special interest given to Uranium. The formation and origin of uranium deposits is of interest for uranium exploration and is necessary for the long-term sustainability of nuclear energy production. The book proposes a new classification system built on earlier classification with detailed new maps, explanatory diagrams, cross sections, helpful satellite images, etc. In addition, it explains why the occurrences, depositional and geological environments of uranium in the Middle East and North Africa vary from one country to another. Using various related recognition criteria, the book reports the potential uranium provinces in the Middle East and North Africa countries. The definition of these provinces is based on the existing geologic and tectonic settings, along with geochronological sequences and geochemical characteristics.
Book
Downwind
Downwindis an unflinching tale of the atomic West that reveals the intentional disregard for human and animal life through nuclear testing by the federal government and uranium extraction by mining corporations during and after the Cold War.
Sarah Alisabeth Fox highlights the personal cost of nuclear testing and uranium extraction in the American West through extensive interviews with \"downwinders,\" the Native American and non-Native residents of the Great Basin region affected by nuclear environmental contamination and nuclear-testing fallout. These downwinders tell tales of communities ravaged by cancer epidemics, farmers and ranchers economically ruined by massive crop and animal deaths, and Native miners working in dangerous conditions without proper safety equipment so that the government could surreptitiously study the effects of radiation on humans.
In chilling detailDownwindbrings to light the stories and concerns of these groups whose voices have been silenced and marginalized for decades in the name of \"patriotism\" and \"national security.\"
With the renewed boom in mining in the American West, Fox's look at this hidden history, unearthed from years of field interviews, archival research, and epidemiological studies, is a must-read for every American concerned about the fate of our western lands and communities.
eBook