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Design with the other 90% : cities
Through essays, interviews, and profiles of 60 examples of community-led design, this second book in an ongoing series examines the issues arising from unprecedented urban growth, primarily in the informal settlements of emerging and developing economies, as well as efforts in urban planning, sustainable design, affordable housing, entrepreneurship, nonformal education, communication, food, security, water and sanitation, and public health in these communities.
Book
Calculation and influencing factors of the sustainable development of urban industries: a case study of China’s state-level new districts
China’s state-level new districts (SNDs) have become the new growth poles for the economic development of the cities where they are located, and a reasonable industrial structure is crucial to industrial sustainable development of SNDs and urban economic growth. This study uses multi-dimensional indicators to measure the convergence level of industrial structure among SNDs and reveals its dynamic evolution trend and formation mechanism. In this context, this study uses dynamic panel model to test the effect of various factors on the convergence of industrial structure. The results are as follows: the advantageous industries in Pudong New District (PND) and Liangjiang New District (LND) are concentrated in capital-intensive and technology-intensive industries. The advantageous industries in Binhai New District (BND) are scattered, and its advantageous industries are distributed in resource-intensive, technology-intensive, and capital-intensive industries. There is an obvious convergence of industrial structure among SNDs, but the degree of convergence of industrial structure among SNDs is different. The result of the regression model shows that the convergence of industrial structure has a significant cumulative effect; investment scale (IS) and government intervention (GI) significantly increase the convergence level of industrial structure, while market demand (MD) and technology level (TL) significantly decrease it. Moreover, the effects of GI and MD on industrial structure convergence are stronger.
Journal Article
Metropolitan Migrants
Challenging many common perceptions, this is the first book fully dedicated to understanding a major new phenomenon-the large numbers of skilled urban workers who are now coming across the border from Mexico's cities. Based on a ten-year, on-the-ground study of one working-class neighborhood in Monterrey, Mexico's industrial powerhouse and third-largest city,Metropolitan Migrantsexplores the ways in which Mexico's economic restructuring and the industrial modernization of the past three decades have pushed a new flow of migrants toward cities such as Houston, Texas, the global capital of the oil industry. Weaving together rich details of everyday life with a lucid analysis of Mexico's political economy, Rubén Hernández-León deftly traces the effects of restructuring on the lives of the working class, from the national level to the kitchen table.
eBook
System Dynamics Theory Applied to Differentiated Levels of City–Industry Integration in China
The development of city–industry integration is crucial for modern cities and is a core element of city competitiveness enhancement and sustainable development. This study considers system dynamics theory to examine city–industry integration and constructs an index system to measure the degree of integration. For this purpose, 31 regions in China (including provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government) are considered as research samples. Objective evaluation methods such as factor analysis and entropy methods are applied to evaluate the target value. The research results reveal a wide gap in the levels of city–industry integration in various regions of China. Furthermore, the Middle East outperforms the Western and Northeastern regions. Accordingly, the advantages of the Central and Eastern regions should be combined, and a leading and radiation-driven role should be played. Moreover, capital investment in the Western and Northeastern regions should be increased, and emphasis should be placed on local characteristics. Moreover, urban economic development, industrial transformation, and industrial upgrading should be promoted, and the sustainable development capacity of cities should be enhanced.
Journal Article
Analysis on the Theoretical Basis of Rural Revitalization Strategy
The rural revitalization strategy represents a quantum leap in both the theory and practice of rural development in China, and serves as a crucial solution to address the array of challenges facing rural areas. Multi-dimensionally, the rural revitalization strategy sets out the general requirements of “building rural areas with thriving businesses, pleasant living environments, good social civility, effective governance, and prosperity,” which echo the measures of new urbanization: efficient, green, humanistic, well-governed, and inclusive. Specifically, “building rural areas with prosperity” aligns with the development requirement of urban-rural dual structure theory; “building rural areas with thriving businesses” meets the development requirement of the industrial division of labor and integration theory; “building rural areas with pleasant living environments and good social civility” follows the development requirement of sustainable development theory; and “building rural areas with effective governance” tallies with the development requirement of rural governance theory. Urbanization theory, urban-rural dual structure theory, the industrial division of labor and integration theory, sustainable development theory, and rural governance theory serve as crucial theoretical references for the rural revitalization strategy, helping make clear its conceptual underpinnings.
Journal Article
Understanding Industrial Land Development on Rural-Urban Land Transformation of Jakarta Megacity’s Outer Suburb
After decentralization, there was massive development in Jakarta megacity’s outer suburbs (JMOS), especially in Bekasi and Tangerang regencies, marked by large-scale industrial estate/park (LSIEP) and followed by new town developments. However, this process led to the emergence of “chaotic” urban-rural land patterns. This study sought to identify the extent to which LSIEP development has affected rural-urban land transformation (RULT). The primary data were land use/cover (LUC) data from 2005, 2015, and 2020 and the LSIEP distributions. The methods applied are the Patch-generating Land Use Simulation (PLUS) model for 2025’s LUC prediction and the RULT index approach, RULT index development using the analytical hierarchy process. These combined approaches were novel in Indonesia, which usually relies on Cellular Automata (CA)-Markov, overlay (spatial), and descriptive statistics analyses to describe the RULT phenomenon. It was found that the villages located around the LSIEP close to the Jakarta megacity toll road network and those adjacent to the municipality (city) had been transformed into urban areas, while villages far from those locations were still rural. This study’s results help clarify the rural to urban transformation in Jakarta megacity’s outer suburbs and could be used as input for spatial planning policy.
Journal Article
Enriching Farmers through Sharing: Improving People’s Livelihood and Well-Being in the Modernization of Agriculture and Rural Areas in China
Shared development is an important means by which to improve people’s livelihood and well-being in the new era. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016–2020), China has made great achievements in the three major aspects of targeted poverty alleviation through industrial development, development of special rural areas, and equalization of urban and rural infrastructure and basic public services. In addition, the important experience of multi-agent participation, multi-mode guidance, and multi-line promotion has been accumulated in the individual, regional and urbanrural dimensions. However, there remain some deficiencies, such as low policy efficiency, poor matching ability, and prominent structural problems. At the beginning of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025), the task of enriching farmers through sharing has been faced with many challenges, such as major changes in the focus of poverty governance, greater numbers of restraints on the development of special rural areas, and heavy responsibilities of equalizing urban and rural infrastructure and basic public services. Therefore, it is necessary to acquire a profound understanding of the new development concept, and to continuously enrich farmers through sharing in terms of accelerating the improvement of the institutionalized poverty reduction system in the new era, actively building a green development system of agriculture and animal husbandry in special rural areas, and striving to create a fair and complementary urban and rural infrastructure and basic public service system.
Journal Article
