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Radiocarbon-dated evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene coastal change at Yzerfontein, Western Cape, South Africa
We repor t radiocarbon dates obtained from on-shore marine and near-shore terrestrial deposits near Yzerfontein, on the West Coast of South Africa. These deposits include Late Pleistocene shell concretions from the southern end of 16 Mile Beach and a marine shell deposit inland of the coastal Rooipan (Red Pan); mid-Holocene coastal pan deposits exposed by modern storm erosion of the sandy 16 Mile Beach; and four Holocene storm beach deposits on a rocky shore to the south. We interpret the results in terms of local geomorphology constraints on sea-level fluctuations. The eastern margin of Rooipan is a >40 ka elevated beach deposit in a dune cordon that separates it from the adjacent Yzerfonteinpan. Both pans have gypsum deposits up to 2 m thick formed by repeated marine overwash. Saline pan deposits that are exposed intermittently on the beach are mid-Holocene and indicate a former westward extension of Rooipan. This is in contrast to storm beaches dating 8000-2600 cal BP at higher elevations on a rocky platform fur ther south. This suggests that a dune barrier existed seaward of the present shoreline near Rooipan at this time. The coastal changes described here show that deposition and erosion can be affected significantly by the local palaeogeomorphology and cannot be ascribed solely to sea-level change.Significance: Mollusc shells from Yzerfontein, Western Cape Province, South Africa, show radiocarbon ages ranging from >40 000 years to a few decades before present. There is evidence for elevated sea levels between 8000 and 2600 years ago, and sea levels similar to the present in the last 2000 years. Neither the elevation of the deposits nor their ages conform to published sea-level change curves for the Western Cape coast. Inundation by rising sea levels in the Holocene was not spatially uniform. Former and present geomorphology have had a significant effect on deposition and preservation of indicators of sea-level change.
Journal Article
A madness of sunshine
\"Anahera Rawiri left New Zealand at twenty-one, fleeing small-town poverty and the ghosts of her childhood with no plans to look back. But eight years later, she returns, seeking familiarity as respite from the shattered remains of her new life. And despite the changes brought on by a bump in tourism--the shiny new welcome sign at the town line and a decidedly less shiny new police presence--Golden Cove appears much as it ever was: a small settlement on the savage West Coast of the South Island, populated by all the remembered faces and set against a backdrop of lush greenery, jagged cliffs, and crashing waves. Detective Will Gallagher knows all about ghosts; his own chased him out of a promising career in Christchurch, landing him as the sole cop in a quaint town where his most pressing concerns are petty theft and the occasional drunk. When Golden Cove resident Miri Hinewai goes out for a run and fails to return, Will finds himself heading up a missing person's search that rapidly escalates into an official investigation after this case is connected with similar ones from the past. As an outsider, Will begins to rely on Anahera's knowledge of the area and its residents to help him delve into Golden Cove's secrets, and to determine whether it shelters something far more dangerous than just an unforgiving landscape\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The world’s largest coastal deoxygenation zone is not anthropogenically driven
The growing number of oxygen-deficient coastal zones around the world and their impacts on marine life has always been a controversial issue as their development is largely attributed to anthropogenic activities which can be mitigated by human actions. However, contrary to this prevailing understanding, we show here for the first time, using new coherent datasets from estuaries to coastal to offshore regions, that the world’s largest hypoxic-anoxic zone along the west coast of India is formed through a natural process, i.e. upwelling of deoxygenated waters during the summer monsoon. We further demonstrate that the persistence and extent of this coastal oxygen deficiency depend on the degree of deoxygenation of source waters for the upwelling. Consequently, the anoxia is confined only to the central shelf between 11° and 18° N, which is equivalent to almost half of the western Indian shelf, where upwelling brings suboxic waters from the core oxygen minimum zone in the Arabian Sea.
Journal Article
The outcasts : a novel
\"A taut, thrilling adventure story about buried treasure, a manhunt, and a woman determined to make a new life for herself in the old west. It's the 19th century on the Gulf Coast, a time of opportunity and lawlessness. After escaping the Texas brothel where she'd been a virtual prisoner, Lucinda Carter heads for Middle Bayou to meet her lover, who has a plan to make them both rich, chasing rumors of a pirate's buried treasure. Meanwhile Nate Cannon, a young Texas policeman with a pure heart and a strong sense of justice, is on the hunt for a ruthless killer named McGill who has claimed the lives of men, women, and even children across the frontier. Who--if anyone--will survive when their paths finally cross? As Lucinda and Nate's stories converge, guns are drawn, debts are paid, and Kathleen Kent delivers an unforgettable portrait of a woman who will stop at nothing to make a new life for herself. \"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Adverse Impact of Racial Microaggressions on College Students’ Self-Esteem
Racial microaggressions are subtle (often unintentional or unconscious) forms of racial discrimination that negatively affect victims’ mental health. Utilizing an undergraduate student sample (N = 225), the current study examined the relationship between racial microaggressions and self-esteem. Results indicate that racial microaggressions negatively predict a lower self-esteem, and that microaggressions that occur in educational and workplace environments are particularly harmful to self-esteem. Finally, findings reveal that individuals of various racial and ethnic minority groups experience racial microaggressions differently. Implications for student development and recommendations for further research involving racial microaggressions and college students are discussed.
Journal Article
Born to be hanged : the epic story of the gentlemen pirates who raided the South Seas, rescued a princess, and stole a fortune
\"Discover the \"fascinating and outrageously readable\" account of the roguish acts of the first pirates to raid the Pacific in a crusade that ended in a sensational trial back in England.\"--Amazon.
BOOK
Leveraging the Atmospheric River Framework to Categorize Top‐Decile Precipitation Regimes in Colorado
This study investigated four top‐decile precipitation regimes in Colorado (CO) using a k‐means clustering approach. Two cool‐season regimes featured northwesterly and southwesterly integrated vapor transport (IVT) impacting western CO, characterized by a high frequency of anomalous landfalling West Coast Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) that penetrated inland facilitated by an upstream trough over the Intermountain West. Another cool‐season regime with southeasterly IVT impacting eastern CO was characterized by anomalous Gulf of America ARs facilitated by a trough and cut‐off low over the Great Plains. In contrast, a warm‐season regime is influenced by IVT from Gulf of America ARs facilitated by the North Atlantic subtropical high and the North American Monsoon circulation, impacting southwestern and southeastern CO. Representative storm examples from each regime are highlighted to examine the processes and impacts of top‐decile precipitation. These regimes provide further opportunity to assess predictability associated with AR and non‐AR related precipitation extremes in CO.
Journal Article
Impact of Extratropical Northeast Pacific SST on U.S. West Coast Precipitation
The rainfall over the U.S. West Coast is known to be highly influenced by large‐scale atmospheric circulation and tropical climate teleconnections. However, the role of North Pacific oceanic variability is less understood. Using high‐resolution regional atmospheric model simulations forced by sustained positive and negative phases of the extratropical Pacific Decadal Oscillation sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTa), we diagnose the precipitation changes over the U.S. West Coast during 2010–2020. We find that precipitation anomalies are up to 60% stronger (weaker) for the warm (cold) cases, especially over Northern and Central California during wintertime, and Baja California in the summertime. In both seasons, precipitation is predominantly modulated through changes in the water vapor flux, which are directed toward the coast in wintertime and away from the coast during summertime. These flux anomalies are primarily driven by large‐scale changes in the wind associated with the atmospheric adjustment to the strong ocean SSTa. Plain Language Summary This study examines how ocean temperature in the Northeast Pacific affects rainfall in the U.S. West Coast using computer model simulations over the period 2010–2020. Rainfall generally increases when coastal waters are warmer and vice versa. This is especially true in Northern and Central California during wintertime and in Baja California during summertime. The amount of rain is mainly affected by changes in the water vapor that moves toward the coast in the winter and away from the coast in the summer. These changes in water vapor are caused by changes in the wind, which are linked to changes in the surface ocean temperature. Key Points Warming along the U.S. West Coast can induce wind‐driven vapor fluxes changes leading to enhanced precipitation Extratropical sea surface temperature (SST) forcing can impact large‐scale atmospheric circulation U.S. West Coast precipitation are impacted by extratropical Northeast Pacific SST
Journal Article