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Background This study was designed to investigate the mediation effects of social empowerment (SE) in the relationship between perceived social support (PSS) and life satisfaction (LS) in women self-help group members. Also, this research attempted to understand the moderating effect of decision making (DM) and external communication (EC) on the relationship between the constructs. Methods To achieve the above objective, the primary data were collected from the self-help group women members by using an existing scale. In this survey, 333 participants who are members of self-help group completed the questionnaire and considered for the study. The study is non-experimental and survey-based, with no interventions or manipulations involved. In line with ethical guidelines, we obtained informed consent directly from each respondent before their participation. Conclusion The path coefficient values, t-statistics and P-Values confirmed the positive relationship between PSS->LS; PSS->SE & SE->LS in women self-group members. PLS structural equation modelling estimated by the bootstrap method revealed that SE partially mediates the relationship between PSS & LS. With regard to the interaction effect, the slope analysis and f 2 effect size confirmed the moderating effect of EC in the relationship between PSS -> LS & SE -> LS.

The present study attempts to analyze the level of women's empowerment across India based on the recently released NFHS-5 (National Family Health Survey) dataset. To delineate interstate disparities in women's empowerment, the Women Empowerment Index has been constructed using six dimensions and eighteen variables. A correlation matrix has also been used to evaluate the relationships between the chosen variables. The study reveals that Goa, Punjab, Chhattisgarh, and Sikkim have comprehensive levels of women's empowerment, while Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, and Bihar have significantly lower levels. The study further discloses that the persistency of low women empowerment is not only concentrated across the so called ‘BIMARU’ (Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh) states but also in several other states including Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Tripura. Surprisingly, Kerala, frequently cited for its high status of women, is not among the top fifteen states whereas, a relatively underdeveloped state like Chhattisgarh claims third place in women empowerment index. The study recommends that along with all other government initiatives, there should be a strong focus on women's empowerment, particularly their ability to make decisions and participate economically in society.

The Women empowerment in the livestock sector has been emerged globally for assessing empowerment to promote sustainable development. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive review of existing literature on the interconnections among women’s empowerment in the livestock sector, child nutrition, and livestock interventions. Utilizing the PRISMA Protocol 2020, our research considers diverse factors such as nutritional status and interventions through livestock, in conjunction with women’s empowerment. We utilized major accessible electronic databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and relevant article references, as our data sources. Employing the PICO criteria and Boolean search technique, our study synthesizes published works, explores key concepts, and evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of various studies. Our findings reveal that women’s empowerment is context-specific, and many studies do not encompass all dimensions of WE in the livestock sector. While the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index is widely employed in various contexts, there remains a need to further explore WE in the livestock sector. Moreover, our review highlights a narrow focus on livestock interventions in the existing literature. Although some studies explore the relationship between nutritional status and empowerment, only a limited number of studies examine the nexus among child nutritional status, livestock intervention, and empowerment. However, due to the limited studies conducted, a strong connection among these variables could not be firmly established. Consequently, our review underscores the substantial potential for a more comprehensive understanding of these interconnections. By elucidating the concepts and linkages among women’s empowerment, child nutrition, and livestock interventions, our study contributes to enhanced knowledge and identifies avenues for future research and policy implications.

The present study aims to quantify women's empowerment by constructing an index and attempts to investigate the potential drivers that accelerate women's degree of empowerment using a capability-based approach. In the study, 416 married women from the Barak Valley region of Assam, India, serve as the primary sample. The index was developed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) in SPSS software. EFA identifies eight domains of women empowerment in the Indian context: technological acquaintance, household decision-making, freedom of movement, economic independence, community and political participation, gender-based violence, leadership, and work-life balance. Then, linear multiple regression was performed using the index as regressand and socio-demographic and economic factors and self-reported capabilities as regressors in the STATA software. We find that besides traditional factors, spousal work status difference, spousal work regularity, parental asset ownership, the cultural orientation of the household head, membership in multiple community groups, pre-marital agency, and financial literacy play a significant role in determining women's empowerment.

Gender equality and women’s empowerment are pivotal in ensuring that the rights, freedoms, and potential of women and girls are secured. Meeting these goals is important for women and girls to be accorded their apt status in the economy and wider society as a whole. Slow progress in gender equality means that it is unlikely to be attained by 2030. Results from the Women Empowerment Index (WEI) for 30 African countries show that there are only three countries that have at least 60% of women who are empowered and eleven countries where at least 50% of women are empowered. Scores for the Global Gender Parity Index (GGPI) for thirty African countries indicate that only three countries have small gender gaps of between 14% and 17%, whereas gender gaps of between 40% and 60% are found in ten countries. Gender equality and women’s empowerment should ultimately aid the economic empowerment of women to generate economic growth and reduce poverty levels. Thus, the economic growth and poverty reduction spinoffs that emanate from the economic empowerment of women underpin the attainment of the other SDGs.

The aim is also to stimulate efforts to end corruption, crime and political communications, to enforce strict funding ceils for election campaigns and to raise awareness in society in order to promote the values of gender equality and equality between men and women.For these purposes the present paper is heavily focused on United Nations reporting, international standards and conventions, Indian Constitutional provisions and other legislative enactments which provide for favorable legislation which gives special rights to women, government reporting by India, the NGOs and the important papers of modem jurists who have greatly contributed jurisprudence to evolution. India's ranking in the number of women in parliament appointed or elected as of January 1 indicates that the role of women in political empowerment' It ranks at the Lower House of Parliament at 148 from 193, with just 11.48 percent women. Since 2015 the number of heads of state leaders has declined from 19 to 17. In terms of political participation, India ranks 9th in the global gender gap report. Since women have numerous social and political needs and perspectives, it is necessary for women to engage in government in order to integrate all social perspectives into policies and decision-making processes. The lack of economic opportunities is one of the main barriers stopping women from becoming more involved in politics. [...]promoting women's access to economic opportunities is crucial to the growth of women's political participation.The involvement of women in political life depends largely on their access to jobs which not only gives them material independence, but also certain professional skills and greater self-assurance.

In a country such as Saudi Arabia where gender equality-related challenges continue to be social issues, measuring the health empowerment of Saudi working women is critical in understanding the real picture of women empowerment in the country during this era of great transformation. Therefore, we conducted this research to evaluate psychometric properties of the Health Empowerment Scale Arabic version (HES-A) in measuring the health empowerment of Saudi working women. We surveyed a sample of 322 Saudi working women from June to August 2020 using an online survey constituting questions on demographic and work-related information and the HES-A. The computed values for the item-level content validity index of the 8 scale items were from .80 and 1.00, whereas the computed value of the scale-level content validity index by average method was .91. The principal component and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a unidimentional scale. The computation revealed an alpha of .92. Education, type of employment, years of working experience, and salary were identified as significant factors influencing the health empowerment. The HES-A exhibited adequate validity and internal consistency for use in measuring the health empowerment of Saudi women. The HES-A can expand the research agenda on health empowerment Arab women. Researchers and policymakers could use the HES-A in assessing the status of health empowerment of Arabic-speaking women, which could inform policies and interventions aimed at ensuring health empowered women in this part of the globe.

According to the United Nations (2013) report, rural women are key agents for development. Their contributions are crucial to achieving the economic and social changes required for sustainable development. However, it has been noted that rural women face the most challenges in society. They face gender discrimination and marginalisation, which hinders them from reaching their full potential. Using the intersectionality theory, this paper aims to highlight some of the challenges rural women face in agriculture, economics, and development. It is based on a three-year qualitative study on rural women in the selected areas of the Eastern Cape, South Africa, and found that several challenges rural women face are the remnants of apartheid. The effects of apartheid created disparities in communities that impacted their socio-economic conditions and are still felt today. Issues such as limited resources and lack of education have created cycles of poverty that still affect rural women.

This article explores the pivotal role of community members in crime prevention in Lesotho, employing document searches, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews. The theoretical framework employed in this study was the rational choice theory. Participants highlighted nine key factors encouraging community crime prevention, including youth education, active involvement in community crime prevention committees, establishment of neighborhood watches, engagement with faith-based organizations, participation in neighborhood patrols, utilization of communication platforms, hosting community meetings, involvement in community clean-up initiatives, and fostering a cordial relationship with the Lesotho Mounted Police Service. Robust recommendations are presented to fortify community-led crime prevention, emphasizing sustained collaboration, empowering educational programs, grassroots crime prevention committees, the supporting of neighborhood watches, active faith-based engagement, institutionalized patrols, communication platforms, and community clean-up initiatives. These recommendations aim to strengthen Lesotho's communities and foster a cooperative environment for collective safety.

Purpose - Information and communication technology (ICT) is a powerful tool and an enabler of economic growth in under-developed areas. ICTs have played an important role in women's development and provided opportunities for empowerment. ICTs have the potential to exchange information and empower marginalised communities. The purpose of this paper is to cover Habermas-based critical theory to understand the politics of women's empowerment through the use of ICTs.Design methodology approach - The paper examines the role of ICTs in developing marginalised women from the coastal areas of southern India. The paper is based on a qualitative study and presents a set of questionnaires developed specifically to assess women's development through the use of ICTs.Findings - This study presents Habermasian based approach to address women's developmental goals.Originality value - The paper provides meaningful discussion on ICT for Women's Development (ICT4WD) and explores theories related to the feminist inquiry.