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Accurately confirming surgical trainees have met the requirements of entrusted professional activities (EPAs) will require rigorous staff input. We pondered whether such simulation-driven evaluations might prove useful to the current ABS/APDS pilot effort on EPA analysis. Our surgical trainees participate biannually in a 59-min simulation-based assessment (X-Games) which covers surgical technique, knowledge and critical thinking in a host of domains. The content and difficulty of the stations differed between the PGY levels. Only 4 EPA topics (inguinal hernia repair, appendectomy, cholecystectomy, and trauma resuscitation) were tabulated for this study. 16-PGY-2s, 8-PGY-3s, 10-PGY-4s, and 10-PGY-5s surgical residents completed the X-Games. Performance within and between PGY levels was variable. The mean(SD) EPA scores for all PGY levels are listed in Table- 1. Analysis gleaned from a 59-min OSCE in a simulated-setting offers objective data that appears to have construct-validity. Refining our Surgical X-Games to cater to the specific EPA scoring system may better allow objective analysis of when trainees cross the threshold from “can do with some help” to “can do autonomously”. •A 59-min OSCE objectively differentiates General Surgery trainees in relation to EPAs.•Simulated settings may offer insight into how trainees are progressing along an EPA continuum.•Direct observation of trainees allows immediate and granular feedback.

Background: Skiing and snowboarding have become increasingly popular since the inception of the winter X-Games in 1997. Purpose: To determine (1) rate of return to sport (RTS) to the winter X-Games following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and (2) performance upon RTS following ACL reconstruction. Hypotheses: There is a high rate of RTS to the winter X-Games in subjects undergoing ACL reconstruction. There is no difference in performance upon RTS following ACL reconstruction versus preinjury. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Skiers and snowboarders competing in the winter X-Games who tore their ACL and underwent ACL reconstruction between 1997 and 2012 were evaluated. Athlete data were extracted from winter X-Games media websites, ESPN, injury reports, player profiles/biographies, and press releases. All athlete, knee, and surgical demographic data were analyzed. RTS and performance as it related to the number of gold, silver, and bronze medals won both pre- and postoperatively in the X-Games were analyzed. Results: Fifteen skiers (19 knees) and 10 snowboarders (10 knees) were analyzed. There were 13 males and 12 females, with a mean subject age of 22.6 ± 4.45 years. The rate of RTS in the X-Games following ACL reconstruction was 80% overall (20/25 subjects). The rate of RTS in winter X-Games following ACL reconstruction in skiers was 87% (13/15 subjects) and in snowboarders was 70% (7/10 subjects). The rate of RTS in winter X-Games following ACL reconstruction in males and females was 85% (11/13 subjects) and 75% (9/12 subjects), respectively. The rate of revision ACL reconstruction due to ACL tear following primary ACL reconstruction was 4% (1/25 subjects). There were more left- than right-sided tears (18 vs 11). Skiers and snowboarders competed in the X-Games for 3.84 ± 2.73 and 3.40 ± 2.84 years prior to ACL reconstruction and 2.56 ± 2.06 and 7.29 ± 3.30 years after ACL reconstruction, respectively. Skiers earned 22 medals prior to ACL reconstruction (9 gold, 5 silver, 8 bronze) and 24 medals after ACL reconstruction (16 gold, 2 silver, 6 bronze). Snowboarders earned 7 medals prior to ACL reconstruction (4 gold, 1 silver, 2 bronze) and 19 medals after ACL reconstruction (7 gold, 7 silver, 5 bronze). Conclusion: Winter X-Games skiers and snowboarders have a high rate of RTS after ACL reconstruction. Skiers earned a similar number of medals preinjury and postsurgery, while snowboarders earned more medals following surgery.

\"Athletes jumped, flipped, and spun. They competed in snowy sports. It was the X Games! They were in Aspen, Colorado. The Games were January 23–25 [2025].\" (News-O-Matic) Read more about the X Games.

This study examined the lived experiences and subsequent attitudes of freestyle BMX and motocross athletes relative to suffering concussions. Eleven professional athletes were interviewed using a semi-structured protocol. All cited a significant personal history with concussion and those personal accounts, along with their observations of others who experienced similar head injuries, shaped the athletes’ attitudes towards concussion. Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors contributed to each athlete’s acceptance of concussion risk inherent in their respective sport. Generally, athletes accepted concussion risk as part of their sport, but were largely unfamiliar with what concussion was and what long-term effects could result from a history of concussion. Additionally, athletes knew of no concussion protocols or guidelines in their sport and cited an overall lack of organized medical care accessible to them on an ongoing basis, as is the case with mainstream sports.

Well before Evel Knievel or Hollywood stuntmen, reality television or the X Games, North America had a long tradition of stunt performance, of men (and some women) who sought media attention and popular fame with public feats of daring. Many of these feats—jumping off bridges, climbing steeples and buildings, swimming incredible distances, or doing tricks with wild animals—had their basis in the manual trades or in older entertainments like the circus. In The Thrill Makers, Jacob Smith shows how turn-of-the-century bridge jumpers, human flies, lion tamers, and stunt pilots first drew crowds to their spectacular displays of death-defying action before becoming a crucial, yet often invisible, component of Hollywood film stardom. Smith explains how these working-class stunt performers helped shape definitions of American manhood, and pioneered a form of modern media celebrity that now occupies an increasingly prominent place in our contemporary popular culture.

Implementing physical simulations for real-time games is a complex task that requires a solid understanding of a wide range of concepts from the fields of mathematics, physics, and software engineering. The chapters cover topics such as collision detection, particle-based simulations, constraint solving, and soft-body simulation. The contributors write based on their experience in developing tools and runtime libraries either in game companies or middleware houses that produce physics software for games on PCs and consoles.

Read about the seventh annual summer X Games held in Philadelphia in 2001. Learn about the history of these Extreme Games, the eight sports featured and the top athletes who competed.

The X Games came to San Francisco and attracted more than a quarter-million people to the waterfront with their mix of bravado and blaring music over nine mostly stunning summer days. Beyond the image of tattoos and nose rings and the seemingly overblown notion that one can never leave too much skin on the pavement, these \"alternative\" games don't seem so extreme after all. In fact, they embody the same qualities of popular mainstream sports - dedicated athletes performing at an extremely high skill level. \"It was the original design of the X Games to have a collection of the best athletes in the world,\" said ESPN's Ron Semiao, the network's vice president of programming and the man considered the originator of the X Games concept. \"That is what we are striving to do.\"

\"We just used to skate around town,\" Curry said of her early days romping around the Central California city with friends. \"We started jumping stairs. And then a skate shop opened in town and they had skate magazines. We just started looking through them and seeing tricks and stuff.\" By 1997, Curry decided she had had enough of hockey and began to devote herself full-time to aggressive in-line skating. She entered the In-line Skating Series nationals in Santa Monica and won the street final. Since then, she has competed in 17 different events and finished first eight times - including in last year's X Games. Thursday, Curry took the bronze at the X Games with a score of 41.00, beaten by gold medalist Sayaka Yabe (50.50) of Sitama, Japan, and silver medalist Kelly Matthews (46.00) of Hoboken, N.J. Fabiola da Silva, the Brazilian who lives in Santa Rosa and is seen as the sport's top skater, finished last among the six competitors with a score of just 33.00.

The beauty of the X Games, save for all the gloss that oozes from the world of ESPN, is that there are plenty of raw moments, moments you would never encounter in the world of traditional sports. For example, take the scene that followed the finals of the men's aggressive in-line street competition on Thursday when the winner, 15-year-old Nicky Adams, took the gold with a crowd-pleasing performance. After Adams did a few cartwheels to celebrate, he chatted with just about every television camera around and then found a relatively secluded spot to call home (Montreal) to tell his family of his victory.