Asset Details
Do you wish to reserve the book?
The different meanings of tolerating the gut microbiome
Hey, we have placed the reservation for you!
By the way, why not check out events that you can attend while you pick your title.
Oops! Something went wrong.
Looks like we were not able to place the reservation. Kindly try again later.
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
The different meanings of tolerating the gut microbiome
Do you wish to request the book?
The different meanings of tolerating the gut microbiome
Please be aware that the book you have requested cannot be checked out. If you would like to checkout this book, you can reserve another copy
We have requested the book for you!
Your request is successful and it will be processed during the Library working hours. Please check the status of your request in My Requests.
Oops! Something went wrong.
Looks like we were not able to place your request. Kindly try again later.
Journal Article
The different meanings of tolerating the gut microbiome
2026
Overview
Multicellular life arose in a world dominated by microorganisms, a reality that has imposed a constant and pervasive selective pressure on all subsequent complex organisms. The immune system has been historically defined by its role in pathogen clearance through resistance mechanisms. However, a complementary and equally critical strategy is to enable the peaceful and inevitable coexistence with microorganisms, allowing each host species to shelter a unique associated microbiome. The term tolerance holds multiple meanings in immunology, yet all underlie a balanced and cooperative host-microorganism relationship. Each represents a different aspect of how the immune system limits tissue damage while maintaining functionality in the presence of microbial or inflammatory stimuli. Using the intestinal mucosa as a paradigm, we explore how epithelial barrier integrity, toxin neutralization, tissue repair, and stress response underpin disease tolerance; how microbial exposure calibrates innate immunity via epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming (LPS tolerance); and how the gut microenvironment fosters the generation of tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells and microbe-specific regulatory T cells to enforce immunological tolerance. We further explore how the microbiota itself is a potent inducer of these tolerogenic pathways and highlight IL-10 as a major hub, connecting different tolerogenic circuits. Finally, we examine the hygiene hypothesis, arguing that lifestyle changes during the Anthropocene disrupt these finely tuned tolerance mechanisms, thereby contributing to the rising incidence of immune-mediated diseases. We posit that these tolerance programs are fundamental prerequisites for engendering host-microbiota symbiosis, a relationship forged over millennia of co-evolution and endangered in the contemporary world.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology,American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
Subject
/ Bacterial-Eukaryotic Interactions
/ Gastrointestinal Microbiome - immunology
/ Host Immune Responses to Bacteria
/ Host Microbial Interactions - immunology
/ Host-Microbiome Interactions
/ Humans
/ Immune System Modulation by Microbiota
/ Intestinal Mucosa - immunology
/ Intestinal Mucosa - microbiology
/ Mechanisms of Host-Microbiome Communication
/ Microbial Ecology and Evolution
/ Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology
/ Microbiome and Barrier Function
/ Mucosal Microbiota and Immune Interactions
/ T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology
/ Tregs
