eBook

Population aging : is Latin America ready?

Cotlear, Daniel

2011,2010

Overview

The past half-century has seen enormous changes in the demographic makeup of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). In the 1950s, LAC had a small population of about 160 million people, less than today's population of Brazil. Two-thirds of Latin Americans lived in rural areas. Families were large and women had one of the highest fertility rates in the world, low levels of education, and few opportunities for work outside the household. Investments in health and education reached only a small fraction of the children, many of whom died before reaching age five. Since then, the size of the LAC population has tripled and the mostly rural population has been transformed into a largely urban population. There have been steep reductions in child mortality, and investments in health and education have increased, today reaching a majority of children. Fertility has been more than halved and the opportunities for women in education and for work outside the household have improved significantly. Life expectancy has grown by 22 years. Less obvious to the casual observer, but of significance for policy makers, a population with a large fraction of dependent children has evolved into a population with fewer dependents and a very large proportion of working-age adults. This overview seeks to introduce the reader to three groups of issues related to population aging in LAC. First is a group of issues related to the support of the aging and poverty in the life cycle. Second is the question of the health transition. Third is an understanding of the fiscal pressures that are likely to accompany population aging and to disentangle the role of demography from the role of policy in that process.

• Publisher: World Bank,World Bank Publications,The World Bank
• Subject: ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES / ADEQUATE HEALTH CARE / ADULT MORTALITY / ADULT POPULATION / AGE DISTRIBUTION / Age Factors / Age groups / AGED / Ageing / AGING / AGING POPULATIONS / AVERAGE FAMILY SIZE / CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE / CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES / Caribbean / Caribbean Area / Caribbean Region / CENTER FOR HEALTH / CHALLENGES OF POPULATION / CHANGES IN POPULATION SIZE / CHILD CARE / CHILD MORTALITY / CHILDREN PER WOMAN / CHRONIC CONDITIONS / CHRONIC DISEASE / CITIES / COMMUNICABLE DISEASES / Congresses / COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN / DECLINE IN FERTILITY / DECLINES IN MORTALITY / DEMOGRAPHERS / DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE / DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES / Demographic research / DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION / DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS / DEPENDENCY RATIO / DEPENDENCY RATIOS / DEPENDENT CHILDREN / DEVELOPING COUNTRIES / DIABETES / DISABILITIES / DISABILITY / DISSEMINATION / Economic aspects / Economic conditions / ECONOMIC DEMOGRAPHY / ECONOMIC GROWTH / ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS / ECONOMIC STATUS / economics / ELDERLY / ELDERLY POPULATION / EUROPEAN IMMIGRATION / FAMILIES / FAMILY MEMBERS / FEMALE LIFE EXPECTANCY / FERTILITY / FERTILITY DECLINE / FERTILITY LEVELS / FERTILITY RATE / FERTILITY RATES / FERTILITY TRANSITIONS / GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT / Health aspects / HEALTH CARE / HEALTH CARE DEMAND / HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURES / HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION / HEALTH CONDITIONS / HEALTH COSTS / HEALTH EXPENDITURES / HEALTH FACILITIES / HEALTH PLANS / HEALTH POLICY / HEALTH PROBLEMS / HEALTH SERVICES / Health Services for the Aged / HEALTH STATUS / HEALTH SYSTEM / HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION / HIV / HOSPITAL / HOSPITALIZATION / HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS / HUMAN DEVELOPMENT / HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS / HYPERTENSION / ILL HEALTH / ILLNESS / IMMIGRANTS / IMMIGRATION COUNTRIES / IMMUNODEFICIENCY / IMPACT OF POPULATION / IMPACT ON HEALTH / IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH / INCOME / INCOME SECURITY / INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS / INDIVIDUAL HEALTH / INDIVIDUAL INCOMES / INFANT / INFANT MORTALITY / INFANT MORTALITY RATE / INFANT MORTALITY RATES / INFECTIOUS DISEASES / INTEREST IN POPULATION / INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS / INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS / INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION / ISOLATION / LABOR FORCE / LABOR MARKET / LABOR SUPPLY / LACK OF ACCESS TO TREATMENT / LARGE FAMILIES / LARGE POPULATION / LARGE POPULATIONS / Latin America / LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH / LEADING CAUSES / LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH / LEADING CAUSES OF MORTALITY / LEGAL STATUS / LEGISLATORS / LEVEL OF POVERTY / LEVELS OF EDUCATION / LEVELS OF PRODUCTIVITY / LIFE EXPECTANCY / LIVING CONDITIONS / LONG-TERM CARE / LOW FERTILITY / MAJORITY OF CHILDREN / MALARIA / MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH / MEDICAL NEEDS / MIGRANTS / MIGRATION / MORBIDITY / MORTALITY / NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS / NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEMS / NATIONAL LEVEL / NUMBER OF BIRTHS / NUMBER OF CHILDREN / NUTRITION / OBESITY / OFFICE OF POPULATION / OLD AGE / OLDER ADULTS / OLDER PEOPLE / Older people -- Caribbean Area -- Economic conditions / Older people -- Latin America -- Economic conditions / OLDER PERSONS / OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN / PANDEMIC / PARASITIC DISEASES / PENSIONS / PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES / POLICY CHANGE / POLICY DECISIONS / POLICY FRAMEWORK / POLICY MAKERS / POLICY RESEARCH / POLIO / POOR NUTRITION / Population / Population ageing / Population aging / Population aging -- Economic aspects -- Caribbean Area -- Congresses / Population aging -- Economic aspects -- Latin America -- Congresses / Population aging -- Health aspects -- Caribbean Area -- Congresses / Population aging -- Health aspects -- Latin America -- Congresses / Population aging -- Social aspects -- Caribbean Area -- Congresses / Population aging -- Social aspects -- Latin America -- Congresses / POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT / POPULATION CHANGE / POPULATION DISTRIBUTION / POPULATION DIVISION / Population Dynamics / POPULATION ESTIMATES / POPULATION FIELD / POPULATION GROUPS / POPULATION GROWTH / POPULATION GROWTH RATES / POPULATION ISSUES / POPULATION MOMENTUM / POPULATION RESEARCH / POPULATION STRUCTURE / POPULATION STUDIES / Poverty / PROBABILITY / PROGRESS / PUBLIC EDUCATION / PUBLIC HEALTH / PUBLIC POLICY / PUBLIC SERVICES / PURCHASING POWER / PURCHASING POWER PARITY / RECIPIENT COUNTRIES / REMITTANCES / REPLACEMENT LEVEL / REPRODUCTIVE AGE / RESPIRATORY DISEASES / RISK FACTORS / RURAL AREAS / RURAL POPULATION / SCHOOL-AGE POPULATION / SECONDARY EDUCATION / SERVICE UTILIZATION / SLOWER POPULATION GROWTH / SOCIAL AFFAIRS / Social aspects / SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT / SOCIAL EXPENDITURES / SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS / SOCIAL POLICY / SOCIAL SECURITY / SOCIAL WELFARE / SPOUSE / SPOUSES / TRAUMA / TUBERCULOSIS / UNEMPLOYMENT / UNITED NATIONS POPULATION DIVISION / URBAN CENTERS / URBAN POPULATION / VIRGIN / WOMAN / WORKERS / WORKFORCE / WORKING-AGE POPULATION / WORLD CONFERENCE / WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION / WORLD POPULATION / YOUNG ADULTS / YOUNG AGES / YOUNG CHILDREN / YOUNG PEOPLE
• ISBN: 9780821384879, 0821384872, 9780821384695, 0821384694