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ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques

by Sharpe, Hannah , Lovaglio, Jamie , van Doremalen, Neeltje , Gilbride, Ciaran , Pérez-Pérez, Lizzette , Feldmann, Friederike , Lambe, Teresa , Powers, Claire , Okumura, Atsushi , Scott, Dana , Schulz, Jonathan , Morris, Susan , Bushmaker, Trenton , Saturday, Greg , de Wit, Emmie , Port, Julia R , Gilbert, Sarah C , Rose, Louisa , Allen, Elizabeth R , Kailath, Reshma , Munster, Vincent J , Purushotham, Jyothi N , Hanley, Patrick W , Belij-Rammerstorfer, Sandra , Spencer, Alexandra , Rosenke, Rebecca , Holbrook, Myndi , Ishwarbhai, Alka , Williamson, Brandi N , Ulaszewska, Marta , Bissett, Cameron , Avanzato, Victoria , Meade-White, Kimberly , Long, Dan , Flaxman, Amy

in Microbiology

2020

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ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques

in Microbiology

2020

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ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques

in Microbiology

2020

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Journal Article

ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques

Sharpe, Hannah,

Lovaglio, Jamie,

van Doremalen, Neeltje,

Gilbride, Ciaran,

Pérez-Pérez, Lizzette,

Feldmann, Friederike,

Lambe, Teresa,

Powers, Claire,

Okumura, Atsushi,

Scott, Dana,

Schulz, Jonathan,

Morris, Susan,

Bushmaker, Trenton,

Saturday, Greg,

de Wit, Emmie,

Port, Julia R,

Gilbert, Sarah C,

Rose, Louisa,

Allen, Elizabeth R,

Kailath, Reshma,

Munster, Vincent J,

Purushotham, Jyothi N,

Hanley, Patrick W,

Belij-Rammerstorfer, Sandra,

Spencer, Alexandra,

Rosenke, Rebecca,

Holbrook, Myndi,

Ishwarbhai, Alka,

Williamson, Brandi N,

Ulaszewska, Marta,

Bissett, Cameron,

Avanzato, Victoria,

Meade-White, Kimberly,

Long, Dan,

Flaxman, Amy

2020

Overview

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 and is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic . Vaccines are an essential countermeasure urgently needed to control the pandemic . Here, we show that the adenovirus-vectored vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, encoding the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, is immunogenic in mice, eliciting a robust humoral and cell-mediated response. This response was not Th2 dominated, as demonstrated by IgG subclass and cytokine expression profiling. A single vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 induced a humoral and cellular immune response in rhesus macaques. We observed a significantly reduced viral load in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and respiratory tract tissue of vaccinated animals challenged with SARS-CoV-2 compared with control animals, and no pneumonia was observed in vaccinated rhesus macaques. Importantly, no evidence of immune-enhanced disease following viral challenge in vaccinated animals was observed. ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 is currently under investigation in a phase I clinical trial. Safety, immunogenicity and efficacy against symptomatic PCR-positive COVID-19 disease will now be assessed in randomised controlled human clinical trials.

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Publisher

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Subject

Microbiology