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Humanized SCID Mouse Models for Biomedical Research
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Book Chapter
Humanized SCID Mouse Models for Biomedical Research
2008
Overview
There is a growing need for effective animal models to carry out experimental studies on human hematopoietic and immune systems without putting individuals at risk. Progress in development of small animal models for the in vivo investigation of human hematopoiesis and immunity has seen three major breakthroughs over the last three decades. First, CB17- Prkdc scid (abbreviated CB17- scid ) mice were discovered in 1983, and engraftment of these mice with human fetal tissues (SCID-Hu model) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (Hu-PBL-SCID model) was reported in 1988. Second, NOD- scid mice were developed and their enhanced ability to engraft with human hematolymphoid tissues as compared with CB17- scid mice was reported in 1995. NOD- scid mice have been the “gold standard” for studies of human hematolymphoid engraftment in small animal models over the last 10 years. Third, immunodeficient mice bearing a targeted mutation in the IL-2 receptor common gamma chain ( IL2rγnull ) were developed independently by four groups between 2002 and 2005, and a major increase in the engraftment and function of human hematolymphoid cells as compared with NOD- scid mice has been reported. These new strains of immunodeficient IL2rg rγnull mice are now being used for studies in human hematopoiesis, innate and adaptive immunity, autoimmunity, infectious diseases, cancer biology, and regenerative medicine. In this chapter, we discuss the current state of development of these strains of mice, the remaining deficiencies, and how approaches used to increase the engraftment and function of human hematolymphoid cells in CB17- scid mice and in previous models based on NOD- scid mice may enhance human hematolymphoid engraftment and function in NOD- scid IL2r γnull mice.
Publisher
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Subject
ISBN
9783642420771, 364242077X, 3540756469, 9783540756460
