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TNF-α Promotes an Odontoblastic Phenotype in Dental Pulp Cells
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TNF-α Promotes an Odontoblastic Phenotype in Dental Pulp Cells
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Journal Article
TNF-α Promotes an Odontoblastic Phenotype in Dental Pulp Cells
2009
Overview
Dental pulp cells can differentiate toward an odontoblastic phenotype to produce reparative dentin beneath caries lesions. However, the mechanisms involved in pulp cell differentiation under pro-inflammatory stimuli have not been well-explored. Thus, we hypothesized that the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) could be a mediator involved in dental pulp cell differentiation toward an odontoblastic phenotype. We observed that TNF-α-challenged pulp cells exhibited increased mineralization and early and increased expression of dentin phosphoprotein (DPP), dentin sialoprotein (DSP), dentin matrix protein-1, and osteocalcin during a phase of reduced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. We investigated whether these events were related and found that p38, a mitogen-activated protein kinase, differentially regulated MMP-1 and DSP/DPP expression and mediated mineralization upon TNF-α treatment. These findings indicate that TNF-α stimulates differentiation of dental pulp cells toward an odontoblastic phenotype via p38, while negatively regulating MMP-1 expression.
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Subject
Cell Differentiation - physiology
/ Extracellular Matrix Proteins - metabolism
/ Humans
/ Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 - metabolism
/ p38 MAPK
/ p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism
/ Periodontal Ligament - cytology
/ Periodontal Ligament - metabolism
/ Phosphoproteins - metabolism
/ Tooth Calcification - physiology
