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Nitric oxide is important for sensing and survival under hypoxia in Arabidopsis
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Nitric oxide is important for sensing and survival under hypoxia in Arabidopsis
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Nitric oxide is important for sensing and survival under hypoxia in Arabidopsis
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Paper
Nitric oxide is important for sensing and survival under hypoxia in Arabidopsis
2018
Overview
Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical molecule that plays an important role in hypoxic stress. We studied the impact of hypoxia-induced NO production on the expression of genes and production of metabolites involved in carbon, nitrogen and antioxidant metabolism using wild type (WT) and non-symbiotic haemoglobin-overexpressing (Hb+) and nitrate reductase double mutant (nia1,2) and application of NO scavenger cPTIO of Arabidopsis. We found that imposing hypoxia leads to the increase of NO and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in WT, while the reduced levels of NO and higher levels of ROS were observed in roots of Hb+ and nia1,2 mutant. Expression of the genes encoding group VII ERFs and the enzymes involved in fermentative pathways, activities of these enzymes and metabolite levels were highly induced in WT suggesting that NO plays a role in the induction of fermentation. Several genes and metabolites involved in the TCA cycle were induced in WT in comparison to Hb+ and nia mutant line suggesting that NO can accelerate TCA cycle to regenerate reducing equivalents under hypoxia. Interestingly, we found that the genes and metabolites involved in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle were modulated by NO under hypoxia. The alternative oxidase gene (AOX1A) was induced under hypoxia in WT due to increased levels of NO rather than ROS. Overall these findings suggest that NO increases expression of the genes of carbon, nitrogen and antioxidant metabolism to improve plant survival under hypoxia.
Publisher
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Subject
