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La teoría de la inteligencia de al-Fārābī
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Journal Article
La teoría de la inteligencia de al-Fārābī
1998
Overview
This paper contributes to a better comprehension of the role that place the theory of the creation of the universe in al-Fārābī. To him, God creates the world while thinking about himself. This theory is an adaptation of Plotino's. The al-Fārābī's theory is a rational one, which, in that epoch meant to be according with Science and Philosophical ideas from the Greeks. In those times any theory that purported an explanation of the universe had to attach to the Almagest, which in turn contained the mathematical model from Apolonius and the cosmology according to Ptolemy, although al-Fārābī reduces the celestial spheres to only eleven, and the functioning of these spheres does not obey the physical laws. Al-Fārābī's explanation is rather a psychological one, for he attributes the celestial bodies both an intelligence and a soul similar to the human one, which would gobern its course. This theory is not an adaptation from that of Aristotle, since this supposes an Immobil First Motor, to which all the celestial spheres obey. Also he postulates the impossibility of the universe to be wrotten, since this universe was not created and is eternal. On the contrary, al-Fārābī needs an explanation for the creation of the universe. To this purpose he has resource to the ideas of Plato's Demiurg, which had already been developed by Plotino, in such a way that they were made addaptable to the ideas of Aristotle. God Creator identifies those both with the First Intelligence of Plotino and with the Immobile Motor of Aristotle. Also, al-Fārābī was in the need of explaining this sublunar world, within which the Earth is immerse. For the sake of this purpose he extended to the Moon the same properties than those of the other celestial beings. In this article, it is described the way in which al-Fārābī conects the sublunar world with the terrestrial phenomena. The methodological treatment of this problem is prior to the other mentioned. It is made a rational reconstruction of al-Fārābī's philosophy according to the general precepts of any reconstruction of an ancient theory in a new epoch.
Publisher
El Colegio de Mexico
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