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Structural determinants of health and lifestyles in students from Cali, Colombia
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Structural determinants of health and lifestyles in students from Cali, Colombia
Structural determinants of health and lifestyles in students from Cali, Colombia
Journal Article

Structural determinants of health and lifestyles in students from Cali, Colombia

2026
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Overview
Objective: To determine the influence of structural health determinants on the lifestyle habits of school-aged children and adolescents in Cali, Colombia (2021–2023). Methods: This was a retrospective observational study with a descriptive design and analytical scope, conducted on a sample of 825 schoolchildren aged 8 to 17 years from five private educational institutions in Cali. Sociodemographic factors, diet quality, and sedentary time were analyzed using several parsimonious binary logistic regression models. Results: Of the total sample, 53.3% were male and 68.8% were adolescents aged 12 to 17. Poorer diet quality was associated with a lower paternal education level (primary education, OR = 2.58). Spending more than 480 minutes per day on sedentary activities was associated with being female (OR = 0.70), living only with the father (OR = 3.84), and belonging to a middle socioeconomic stratum (OR = 2.43). Conclusions: Associations were found between sedentary behavior, physical activity, diet quality, and certain structural health determinants. Gender and the father's education level were notable predictors in the models. Longitudinal studies are recommended to establish causality. Objetivo: Determinar la influencia de los determinantes estructurales de la salud en los estilos de vida de niños y adolescentes escolarizados en Cali, Colombia (2021-2023). Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de diseño descriptivo con alcance analítico, realizado en una muestra de 825 escolares de entre 8 y 17 años, provenientes de cinco instituciones educativas privadas de la ciudad de Cali. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, calidad de la dieta y tiempo sedentario, utilizando modelos logísticos binarios parsimoniosos. Resultados: El 53,3 % de la muestra correspondía al sexo masculino y el 68,8 % a adolescentes entre los 12 y 17 años. Una peor calidad de dieta se asoció con un menor nivel educativo del padre (educación primaria, OR = 2,58). Dedicarse a más de 480 minutos diarios de actividades sedentarias se asoció con el sexo femenino (OR = 0,70), vivir solo con el padre (OR = 3,84) y pertenecer a un estrato socioeconómico medio (OR = 2,43). Conclusiones: Se identificaron asociaciones entre el sedentarismo, la actividad física, la calidad de la dieta y ciertos determinantes estructurales de la salud en esta población. El sexo y el nivel educativo del padre fueron relevantes en los modelos obtenidos. Se requieren estudios longitudinales para establecer relaciones causales. Objectivo: Determinar a influência dos determinantes estruturais da saúde no estilo de vida das crianças e adolescentes matriculados nas escolas de Cali, Colômbia (2021-2023). Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospetivo, observacional, com um desenho descritivo e âmbito analítico, com uma amostra de 825 escolares entre os 8 e os 17 anos, de cinco instituições de ensino privadas da cidade de Cali. As variáveis ​​​​sociodemográficas, a qualidade da dieta e o tempo de sedentarismo foram analisadas através de modelos logísticos binários parcimoniosos. Resultados: 53,3% da amostra era do sexo masculino e 68,8% eram adolescentes entre os 12 e os 17 anos. A pior qualidade da dieta esteve associada a uma menor escolaridade paterna (ensino básico, OR = 2,58). A prática de atividades sedentárias durante mais de 480 minutos por dia associou-se a ser do sexo feminino (OR = 0,70), viver sozinho com o pai (OR = 3,84) e pertencer à classe socioeconómica média (OR = 2,43). Conclusões: Foram identificadas associações entre o sedentarismo, a atividade física, a qualidade da dieta e determinados determinantes estruturais da saúde nesta população. O género e a escolaridade paterna foram relevantes nos modelos obtidos. Estudos longitudinais são necessários para estabelecer relações causais.

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