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Factors to be considered in the numerical analysis of high rockfill dams in narrow valleys
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Factors to be considered in the numerical analysis of high rockfill dams in narrow valleys
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Journal Article
Factors to be considered in the numerical analysis of high rockfill dams in narrow valleys
2025
Overview
This article addresses Theme C of the 17th International Benchmark Workshop on Numerical Analysis of Dams. The study investigates the behavior of large concrete-faced rockfill dams (CFRDs) through 2D and 3D numerical simulations using Hardening Soil Model (HSM) and Mohr-Coulomb (MC) constitutive models, focusing on key aspects such as narrow valley effects and scale effects. The results indicate that 2D analyses overestimate settlements and bank-to-bank stresses by approximately 45% due to the narrow valley geometry. Regarding scale effects, the ratio between laboratory and on-site rockfill elastic moduli is assessed by means of a back-analysis of the monitored settlement. For MC and HSM in 2D models its values are 1.40 and 1.14, respectively, while when considering the 3D foundation shape, the HSM factor increases to 1.67. This value remains lower than the one obtained with Frossard equation under similar conditions (2.4), likely due to the high compaction efforts applied to Nam Ngum 3 rockfill. The overall settlement predictions align well with measured values when scale effects are considered, though horizontal displacement precision is lower. Additionally, a stress-dependent creep model is proposed to represent time-dependent deformations after construction, allowing to obtain a precise fit for the different elevations. The developed numerical models provide valuable insights into the behavior of large CFRDs in narrow valleys, contributing to improve prediction methods for future similar structures.
Publisher
IOP Publishing
