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Posttraumatic stress symptoms among sexual assault victims across the legal proceedings stages: A systematic review
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Posttraumatic stress symptoms among sexual assault victims across the legal proceedings stages: A systematic review
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Posttraumatic stress symptoms among sexual assault victims across the legal proceedings stages: A systematic review
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Journal Article
Posttraumatic stress symptoms among sexual assault victims across the legal proceedings stages: A systematic review
2025
Overview
Sexual assault victims who report to the police experience posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTS) and other psychological consequences. However, these consequences appear to vary according to the main legal stages (reporting, charging, plea, testimony, verdict, sentencing), yet the literature lacks a comprehensive review of the consequences throughout legal proceedings. This review aimed to identify the extent of PTS symptoms and psychological consequences among sexual assault victims resulting from legal proceedings and organize the findings among legal stages. A systematic search was conducted to identify relevant literature. Twenty-four peer-reviewed articles and four doctoral theses were included. Data were systematically extracted and classified under the corresponding legal stage. Findings showed increases of PTS symptoms as soon as the complaint was filed when victims faced negative reactions from police officers. The decision to lay charges and its justification impacted victims. Testifying appeared distressing and was associated with reliving the assault and anxiety. At the end of trial, a guilty verdict provided a sense of validation, while not guilty verdicts resulted in anger and self-blame. Lenient sentences made victims feel disbelieved. Positive psychological outcomes were reported at each stage, notably feeling believed and empowered. Sexual assault victims face PTS symptoms and other psychological outcomes throughout the legal proceedings, but the source and nature of symptoms vary according to the stage experienced. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)
Publisher
Educational Publishing Foundation
Subject
