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PubMed-Indexed Productivity of Matched Orthopedic Surgery Applicants Before and After Step 1 Scoring Transition
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PubMed-Indexed Productivity of Matched Orthopedic Surgery Applicants Before and After Step 1 Scoring Transition
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Journal Article
PubMed-Indexed Productivity of Matched Orthopedic Surgery Applicants Before and After Step 1 Scoring Transition
2025
Overview
While research productivity surrounding the Step 1 scoring transition has been assessed, the specific impact on verified PubMed-indexed publications (PMIDs) has not been assessed. No study has quantified what proportion of self-reported research items reported in National Resident Match Program (NRMP) data is actually PubMed-indexed. Addressing these gaps is essential to understanding how research output is evolving and represented in residency applications.
The objective of this study is to evaluate how the Step 1 pass/fail transition affected pre-residency research output among matched orthopedic surgery residents and whether medical school National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding independently predicts research productivity.
This retrospective cohort study included 1,441 matched orthopedic surgery residents across two cycles: pre-transition (class of 2026) and post-transition (class of 2029). PubMed was used to identify total, first-author, in-specialty publications, and citation rates. Residents were categorized by medical school NIH funding and program tier. Mann-Whitney U tests compared groups, and negative binomial regression identified independent predictors.
Research productivity increased significantly following the Step 1 transition. Post-transition residents published nearly twice as many PubMed-indexed articles as their pre-transition peers (IRR = 2.13, p < 0.001), with similar gains in first-author and in-specialty work. NIH funding and program tier were independent predictors across all metrics. Citation rates did not differ. Only 12-15% of reported abstracts, presentations, and publications (APPs) were PMIDs.
This study provides the first validated analysis of PubMed-indexed research output before and after the Step 1 transition. These findings can inform future studies across specialties as research output becomes increasingly central to residency selection.
Publisher
Cureus Inc
Subject
