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Personality and psychological adjustment in formal caregivers. What is best for caring is also the best for caregivers?
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Personality and psychological adjustment in formal caregivers. What is best for caring is also the best for caregivers?
Personality and psychological adjustment in formal caregivers. What is best for caring is also the best for caregivers?
Journal Article

Personality and psychological adjustment in formal caregivers. What is best for caring is also the best for caregivers?

2012
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Overview
Caring for a dependent person can involve a risk for the caregiver’s psychological health. This risk is clarified by the individual differences in per-sonality. These are stable but non-definitive personal characteristics, and their variability in efficiency depends on the context. The processes involved in caregivers’ adaptation can facilitate or hinder general psychological adjustment and well-being. Objectives: To explore which caregiver characteristics are consi-dered suitable to care for others and to contribute to caregivers’ better functioning and well-being. Methods: 171 formal caregivers (mean age = 36.34, SD = 9.99) completed the Millon Index of Personality Styles, which assesses normal persona-lity and offers a Clinical Index, to evaluate psychological adjustment; the Global Satisfaction scale; and the CUIDA, a questionnaire of the appropriate affective and cognitive variables to offer good care to others. Multiple stepwise linear regressions were carried out. Results: Caregiver characteristics related to In-dependence and Altruism explained poorer psychological adjustment, whereas Self-Esteem, Sociability, and Emotional Balance explained better personal ad-justment. Self-Esteem and Sociability explained higher Global Satisfaction, whereas Openness explained lower Satisfaction. Conclusions: Some personal characteristics that may be important for caregiving may not facilitate good psychological adjustment and well-being in some caregiving contexts. Per-sonal adaptation, as defined herein, depends on the context. Cuidar de una persona en situación de dependencia puede suponer un riesgo para la salud psicológica de la persona que cuida. Este riesgo es matizado por las diferencias individuales en personalidad. Se trata de características personales estables pero no definitivas, y su eficiencia depende del contexto. Los procesos involucrados en la adaptación de las personas cuidadoras pueden facilitar o dificultar su ajuste y bienestar psicológicos. Objetivo: explorar qué características son apropiadas para cuidar de otras personas y para contribuir a un buen funcionamiento y bienestar psicológicos en los cuidadores. Método: 171 cuidadores remunerados (media de edad = 36.34, DT = 9.99) completaron el Inventario de Estilos de Personalidad de Millon, que evalúa personalidad normal y ofrece un Índice de Ajuste, que valora el ajuste psicológico; la Escala de Satisfacción Global; y el CUIDA, un cuestionario sobre las variables afectivas y cognitivas necesarias para cuidar bien de otras personas. Se utilizaron Regre-siones Múltiples por pasos. Resultados: las características de los cuidadores relacionadas con Independecia y Altruismo explicaron un peor ajuste psicológico, mientras que Autoestima, Sociabilidad y Equilibrio emocional explicaron un mayor ajuste. Autoestima y Sociabilidad explicaron una mayor satisfacción global, mientras que Apertura explicó una peor satisfacción. Conclusiones: algunas características personales que pueden ser importantes para el cuidado pueden no facilitar un buen ajuste y bienestar psicológicos en algunos contextos de cuidado. La adaptación personal, tal y como es definida en este trabajo, depende del contexto.
Publisher
Universitat de Barcelona,Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Psicología