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Long-Term Trends of Partner Age Differences by Educational Pairings: An Exploratory Study in Four Countries
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Long-Term Trends of Partner Age Differences by Educational Pairings: An Exploratory Study in Four Countries
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Journal Article
Long-Term Trends of Partner Age Differences by Educational Pairings: An Exploratory Study in Four Countries
2024
Overview
De nombreuses études ont cherché à comprendre la tendance à l’union entre individus de même niveau d’éducation. Cependant, l’interaction entre ce phénomène et les différences d’âge entre les conjoints reste peu étudiée. Cette étude apporte une double contribution. Tout d’abord, elle examine comment les écarts d’âge entre conjoints et l’homogamie éducative ont évolué dans la population de quatre pays sur cinq décennies. Deuxièmement, elle analyse les écarts d’âge entre les conjoints, particulièrement au sein des couples homogames dont les deux membres possèdent des niveaux d’étude similaires. L’étude s’appuie sur les données individuelles de recensement harmonisées IPUMSi, disponibles depuis les années 1960, pour le Brésil, la France, le Panama et les États-Unis. Les résultats indiquent une légère augmentation de la proportion des unions entre personnes du même âge parmi les couples composés de deux diplômés du supérieur, tandis que les proportions parmi les couples présentant d’autres combinaisons de niveaux d’études restent stables. De plus, notre étude révèle une hausse du nombre de couples où l’homme est beaucoup plus âgé que sa conjointe, en particulier dans les couples hypergames et les couples homogames à faible niveau d’instruction. Ces tendances sont observées dans les quatre pays examinés. Although extensive research has been conducted on the evolving patterns of educational assortative mating, the interplay between this phenomenon and partners’ age differences has received limited attention. This study offers a twofold contribution. First, it examines trends in both age and educational assortative mating over 5 decades across four countries. Second, it explores age-difference trends in educationally heterogamous and homogamous couples, with a focus on patterns related to educational homogamy. We used IPUMSi harmonized census microdata for Brazil, France, Panama, and the United States, available since the 1960s. Results indicate a slight increase in the proportion of same-age couples among tertiary-educated couples over time, while proportions across other educational pairings remain stable. Additionally, we observe a growing prevalence of relationships in which the man is much older than the woman, particularly among educationally hypergamous and homogamous low-educated couples. These trends are consistent across all contexts examined.
Publisher
Ined Éditions,Institut national d'études démographiques,Institut National d'études Démographiques,INED - French Institute for Demographic Studies
Subject
