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Correction: Hom et al. Cognitive Function during the Prodromal Stage of Alzheimer’s Disease in Down Syndrome: Comparing Models. Brain Sci. 2021, 11, 1220
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Correction: Hom et al. Cognitive Function during the Prodromal Stage of Alzheimer’s Disease in Down Syndrome: Comparing Models. Brain Sci. 2021, 11, 1220
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Correction: Hom et al. Cognitive Function during the Prodromal Stage of Alzheimer’s Disease in Down Syndrome: Comparing Models. Brain Sci. 2021, 11, 1220
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Journal Article
Correction: Hom et al. Cognitive Function during the Prodromal Stage of Alzheimer’s Disease in Down Syndrome: Comparing Models. Brain Sci. 2021, 11, 1220
2022
Overview
Variable (Range of Scores) Domain CS (n = 103) MCI-DS (n = 41) Mann–Whitney U (p-Value) Block Design (0–54) Visuomotor 23.79 (10.49) 17.37 (12.78) 3.11 (0.002) Boston Naming (0–27) Language 15.88 (5.51) 13.23 (6.91) 2.04 (0.041) Category Fluency (0–17) EF 8.23 (3.18) 6.82 (3.68) 2.21 (0.027) Cats and Dogs Switch (--17.00–61.80) † EF 9.80 (11.22) 5.05 (11.21) 1.82 (0.069) Cued Recall (3–35) Memory 28.61 (6.83) 21.38 (9.22) 4.43 (0.0001) DSMSE Language (3–52) Language 37.10 (9.07) 30.80 (9.63) 3.28 (0.001) DSMSE Memory (0–23) Memory 14.08 (4.68) 9.80 (4.57) 4.62 (0.0001) DSMSE Visual Spatial (2–8) Visuomotor 6.18 (1.09) 5.59 (1.01) 2.98 (0.003) mMMSE-DS Anomia (4–20) Language 18.18 (2.20) 16.49 (4.19) 1.55 (0.122) mMMSE-DS Concentration (0–6) EF 3.69 (2.10) 2.39 (2.14) 3.15 (0.002) mMMSE-DS Fine Motor (1–10) Visuomotor 8.04 (1.29) 7.05 (2.28) 2.58 (0.010) mMMSE-DS Orientation (5–30) EF 25.46 (5.33) 20.87 (6.41) 4.75 (0.0001) Purdue Pegboard Both Hands (0–8) Visuomotor 2.62 (1.82) 1.51 (1.71) 3.14 (0.002) RADD-2 Digit Span Forward (0–8) EF 4.02 (1.66) 2.97 (1.80) 2.84 (0.005) RADD-2 Expressive Lang. (0–12) Language 7.56 (2.51) 6.80 (2.99) 1.08 (0.279) RADD-2 Sensorimotor (0–7) Visuomotor 6.70 (0.50) 5.85 (1.50) 3.87 (0.0001) RADD-2 Similarities (0–4) Language 2.51 (1.49) 1.56 (1.47) 3.40 (0.001) Rivermead Recognition (0–10) Memory 5.42 (3.77) 2.21 (3.40) 3.90 (0.0001) Selective Reminding Test (1–24) Memory 15.50 (5.62) 9.18 (4.32) 5.70 (0.0001) Tinetti Gait (4–12) Visuomotor 10.75 (1.62) 10.37 (1.88) 1.47 (0.143) VMI (1–25) Visuomotor 15.45 (3.22) 13.98 (3.40) 1.75 (0.081) † Cats and Dogs is measured in seconds; all other scores are measured in points (number correct). Cognitive Domain Predictor Variable Estimate SE CR Standardized Regression Weight p-Value Structural Language/EF Sex −0.010 0.075 −0.13 −0.01 0.893 Language/EF PID −0.413 0.067 −6.15 −0.41 <0.001 Language/EF MCI-DS −0.238 0.074 −3.23 −0.24 0.001 Memory Sex 0.008 0.076 0.11 0.01 0.916 Memory PID −0.241 0.075 −3.21 −0.24 0.001 Memory MCI-DS −0.471 0.67 −7.07 −0.47 <0.001 Visuomotor Sex −0.093 0.081 −1.14 −0.09 0.255 Visuomotor PID −0.302 0.077 −3.91 −0.30 <0.001 Visuomotor MCI-DS −0.303 0.78 −3.90 −0.30 <0.001 Measurement Language/EF Boston Naming 0.879 0.023 38.18 0.88 <0.001 Language/EF DSMSE Language 0.878 0.023 37.81 0.88 <0.001 Language/EF mMMSE Anomia 0.742 0.041 18.14 0.74 <0.001 Language/EF mMMSE Concentration 0.724 0.043 16.53 0.72 <0.001 Language/EF RADD-2 Digit Span Forward 0.782 0.036 21.93 0.78 <0.001 Language/EF RADD-2 Expressive Language 0.874 0.023 37.52 0.87 <0.001 Language/EF RADD-2 Receptive Language 0.683 0.047 16.53 0.68 <0.001 Language/EF RADD-2 Similarities 0.760 0.038 20.05 0.76 <0.001 Memory Cued Recall 0.673 0.053 12.65 0.67 <0.001 Memory DSMSE Memory 0.858 0.032 27.09 0.86 <0.001 Memory Rivermead Recognition 0.702 0.051 13.87 0.70 <0.001 Memory Selective Reminding Test 0.845 0.033 25.65 0.85 <0.001 Visuomotor Block Design 0.849 0.033 26.09 0.85 <0.001 Visuomotor DSMSE Visual Spatial 0.797 0.038 17.05 0.80 <0.001 Visuomotor Purdue Pegboard 0.615 0.59 10.39 0.62 <0.001 Visuomotor RADD Sensorimotor 0.624 0.058 10.70 0.62 <0.001 Visuomotor VMI 0.708 0.048 14.77 0.71 <0.001 CR = critical ratio, EF = executive function, MCI = mild cognitive impairment, PID = premorbid level of ID, SE = standard error.
Publisher
MDPI AG,MDPI
Subject
