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Internalising behaviours and executive functions among early adolescents: the moderating role of age and sex
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Internalising behaviours and executive functions among early adolescents: the moderating role of age and sex
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Journal Article
Internalising behaviours and executive functions among early adolescents: the moderating role of age and sex
2024
Overview
Introduction: Entry into adolescence, a key period for mental health development, is associated with a higher risk of psychopathology. Existing findings on the nature of the relationship between internalising behaviours and specific executive functions are inconsistent. This study aimed to determine whether internalising behaviours are risk factors for specific domains of executive functions – working memory, verbal fluency, and planning – in a stratified random sample of young adolescents. The study also aimed to investigate whether sex and age have a moderating role in the aforementioned association. Materials and methods: Participants were 477 adolescents (aged 10–13 years, including 223 girls and 254 boys) from southern Poland. To assess the independent variable of internalising behaviours, the Youth Self-Report (YSR) was used. The components of executive functions (including working memory, verbal fluency, and planning) were measured using a battery of neuropsychological tests known as PU1. Associations between internalising symptoms and executive functions were evaluated using quasi-Poisson regression models, adjusted for potential confounders. Results: The study did not confirm the impact of internalising behaviours on the efficiency of executive functions in the studied group of adolescents. However, significant associations not covered by the research hypotheses were discovered: variance in working memory and phonological and categorical fluency is explained by age, and variance in categorical verbal fluency is also explained by parental education. Conclusions: Future exploration of predictors of executive functions components may reveal psychological risk factors, such as individual emotional and behavioural functioning in adolescence or family bonds; this could provide practical benefits in working with adolescents.
Publisher
Medical Communications Sp. z o.o
Subject
