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CATOLICISMO CÍVICO, REFORMA LIBERAL Y POLÍTICA MODERNA EN EL JALISCO RURAL, 1867-1890
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CATOLICISMO CÍVICO, REFORMA LIBERAL Y POLÍTICA MODERNA EN EL JALISCO RURAL, 1867-1890
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Journal Article
CATOLICISMO CÍVICO, REFORMA LIBERAL Y POLÍTICA MODERNA EN EL JALISCO RURAL, 1867-1890
2021
Overview
Este artículo analiza las múltiples y complejas relaciones entre los representantes locales de la Iglesia, el Estado y la población, para contribuir a una interpretación más crítica del mosaico de posibilidades que caracterizaron la Reforma liberal durante el último tercio del siglo XIX. Se ha optado por observar una serie de casos encontrados en cuatro poblaciones de Jalisco: Ahualulco, Chapala, Tapalpa y Teocaltiche. A partir de una escala local es posible mirar por debajo y por detrás las pretensiones de Estado y observar un proceso histórico más desordenado y menos teleológico. El argumento central es que los vecinos actuaron a favor de intereses diversos y movilizaron a la Iglesia y el Estado en su defensa de acuerdo a contingencias históricas. En cuanto a las fuentes que se han utilizado, corresponden a dos acervos distintos. En el Archivo Histórico de Jalisco se encontraron fuentes generadas en el marco de la oficialía, que vincula el gobierno del estado con poderes civiles locales, como los ayuntamientos, la jefatura política y sus oficinas locales. Estos documentos tratan asuntos en los que las autoridades civiles deben interpretar las leyes de secularización para casos locales. En el Archivo Histórico de la Arquidiócesis de Guadalajara se trabajó con fuentes que representan las relaciones entre fieles, la parroquia y el arzobispado.
This article analyzes the multiple, complex relationships between the local representations of the church, the state and the population, thus contributing to a more critical interpretation of the mosaic of possibilities that characterized the Liberal Reform during the last third of the 19th Century. For this purpose, we have opted to observe a series of contrasting cases in four Jalisco towns: Ahualulco, Chapala, Tapalpa and Teocaltiche. At the local scale, it is possible to gain a perspective from below, one that goes beyond the aims of the state to account for a more disordered, less teleological historical process. The central argument is that people acted in defense of varied interests and mobilized the church and state in their defense in accordance with historical contingencies. The sources used come from two different archives. The Jalisco History Archive contains sources generated by the civil registry, which connects the state government with local authorities, such as municipal governments, police forces and its local representatives. These documents deal with matters in which the authorities interpreted the laws on secularization in terms of local cases. The other, the History Archive of the Archdiocese of Guadalajara, provided sources on the relationships between believers, the parish and the Archbishop.
