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Body Composition and Physical Performance Measures of a Special Operations Police Unit: Characteristics and Associations Between Determinant Factors of Physical Performance
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Body Composition and Physical Performance Measures of a Special Operations Police Unit: Characteristics and Associations Between Determinant Factors of Physical Performance
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Journal Article
Body Composition and Physical Performance Measures of a Special Operations Police Unit: Characteristics and Associations Between Determinant Factors of Physical Performance
2024
Overview
Purpose
Special tactical units differ from other police departments, for having more physically demanding tasks and occupations. Therefore, the aim was to analyze: (i) the differences in anthropometrics, body composition, and physical performance variables between those officers with the highest and lowest lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM); and (ii) the associations between body composition (i.e., FM and LM) and some selected performance variables.
Methods
Thirty-six special operations officers (
n
= 36, age: 35.97 ± 5.50 years) volunteered to participate in this study. Participants were assessed for anthropometrics and body composition through skin-fold measures. Additionally, fitness was evaluated using appropriate physical tests (i.e. 30-m sprints, vertical jump, strength and endurance). Afterwards, participants were divided according to their level of LM and FM into: high (LM
high
and FM
high
) and low (LM
low
and FM
low
).
Results
Regarding strength and jump performance, LM
high
and FM
low
obtained better estimated values in Squat (1 repetition maximum [SQ
1RM
]), and jump height (
P
< 0.05; ES = 0.62–1.29), although non-significant but small differences were observed for relative strength (
P
= 0.107; ES = 0.54). In terms of sprint and endurance, the results indicated that LM
high
and FM
low
obtained significantly better performances across all measures (
P
< 0.05; ES > 0.89), except for endurance between FM
high
and FM
low
(ES = 0.25–0.65). In addition, FM and LM were significantly associated with physical performance (
P
< 0.05;
r
> 0.383) in most of the variables of this study.
Conclusion
Higher LM and lower FM are determinant factors of physical performance in this population. Moreover, FM and LM seemed to be detrimental for physical performance as shown by the moderate to large correlations observed.
Publisher
Springer Nature Singapore,Springer Nature B.V
