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Unrealised projects of the Christ’s Resurrection Church competition in Kaunas 1928–1930
by
Slaminskienė, Silvija
in
Architects
/ architectural competition
/ Architecture
/ Authorship
/ Awards & honors
/ Competition
/ Humanities
/ interwar Lithuania
/ Karolis Reisonas
/ Menotyra / History and theory of arts (H003)
/ modernist architecture in Kaunas
/ public criticism
/ The Christ’s Resurrection Church in Kaunas
/ unimplemented projects
2024
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Unrealised projects of the Christ’s Resurrection Church competition in Kaunas 1928–1930
by
Slaminskienė, Silvija
in
Architects
/ architectural competition
/ Architecture
/ Authorship
/ Awards & honors
/ Competition
/ Humanities
/ interwar Lithuania
/ Karolis Reisonas
/ Menotyra / History and theory of arts (H003)
/ modernist architecture in Kaunas
/ public criticism
/ The Christ’s Resurrection Church in Kaunas
/ unimplemented projects
2024
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Unrealised projects of the Christ’s Resurrection Church competition in Kaunas 1928–1930
by
Slaminskienė, Silvija
in
Architects
/ architectural competition
/ Architecture
/ Authorship
/ Awards & honors
/ Competition
/ Humanities
/ interwar Lithuania
/ Karolis Reisonas
/ Menotyra / History and theory of arts (H003)
/ modernist architecture in Kaunas
/ public criticism
/ The Christ’s Resurrection Church in Kaunas
/ unimplemented projects
2024
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Unrealised projects of the Christ’s Resurrection Church competition in Kaunas 1928–1930
Journal Article
Unrealised projects of the Christ’s Resurrection Church competition in Kaunas 1928–1930
2024
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Overview
Straipsnio objektas − vienas žinomiausių UNESCO Pasaulio paveldo objektų Kauno mieste − paminklinė Kristaus Prisikėlimo bažnyčia. Jos architektūrinio projekto konkursas buvo paskelbtas 1928 m., švenčiant Lietuvos Respublikos nepriklausomybės dešimtmetį. Konkursas ir projektai buvo viešai kritikuojami. Nors buvo paskirtos prizinės vietos, po konkurso projektavimo darbai pavesti trečiosios vietos laimėtojui architektui Karoliui Reisonui. Tačiau jo sukurtas naujas projektas liko neįgyvendintas, o dabartinė bažnyčia pastatyta pagal to paties architekto dar vieną naujai parengtą projektą. Šventovė, kaip tautos monumentas, užbaigta iki 1940 m., tačiau konsekruota tik 2004 m. gruodžio 26 d., iškėlus iš pastato Kauno radijo gamyklą, veikusią beveik visą sovietinės Rusijos okupacijos laikotarpį. Ilgą laiką architektūrologiniuose tyrimuose bažnyčios projekto autorystė buvo priskiriama architektui Karoliui Reisonui. Visgi autorystės klausimas yra problema, nes naujausiuose tyrimuose statinio aukšto meninio lygio architektūra vertinama kaip kolektyvinio kūrybinio darbo rezultatas. Atliekant tyrimą taikyti faktologinis, istorinis-analitinis, stilistinis metodai. Iki šiol Lietuvos menotyriniuose tyrimuose Kristaus Prisikėlimo bažnyčios konkurso projektai nuodugniau neanalizuoti, jų neįgyvendinimo priežastys stokoja išsamesnio pristatymo, o galutinio projekto autorystės problema – mažai nagrinėta tema. Straipsnio tikslas – papildyti ir patikslinti turimas žinias apie Prisikėlimo bažnyčios projekto konkursą. Apžvelgiant konkurso tikslus, eigą ir rezultatus, pirmą kartą siekiama nuosekliau ir išsamiau pristatyti neįgyvendintus projektus, parodant, kokie buvo architektų ir inžinierių skirtingi stilistiniai požiūriai į šventovės projektavimo užduotį, kokios kritikos sulaukė projektai ir kodėl šiuo metu stovintis pastatas skiriasi nuo konkursą laimėjusio projekto ir po konkurso statybai parengto Reisono projekto. Tyrimas parodė, kaip Lietuvos Respublikos nepriklausomybės idėjos įprasminimas paminklinėje Kristaus Prisikėlimo bažnyčioje sutelkė visuomenę ir aktyviai įtraukė ją į bažnyčios architektūrinio projekto kūrimo proceso eigą. Visuomenės ir architektų bendruomenės išsakyta kritika premijuotiems darbams lėmė netikėtą galutinio projekto meninį rezultatą – modernistinę bažnyčią, sukurtą po konkurso. Prie galutinio architektūrinio rezultato, kurį šiandien matome, prisidėjo ir konkurse nepremijuoti (netgi konkurse nedalyvavę) architektai bei kiti Lietuvos menininkai.
The object of this article is the monumental Christ’s Resurrection Church, one of the most famous UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Kaunas. The competition for its architectural design was announced in 1928, on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the independence of the Republic of Lithuania. Competition and projects have been publicly criticised. The awards were given, but the design after the competition was entrusted to the third prize-winning architect Karolis Reisonas. However, his new design was not implemented, and the present church was built according to another project by the same architect. As a monument to the nation, the church was completed in 1940. However, it was consecrated only on 26 December 2004, after the Kaunas Radio Factory, which had been in operation for almost the entire Soviet occupation, had moved out of the building. For a long time, architectural studies attributed the authorship of the church design to the architect Karolis Reisonas. However, the question of authorship is problematic. Recent studies have attributed the high artistic level of building architecture to collective creative work. The research was carried out using historical analytical and stylistic methods. So far, competition projects for the Christ’s Resurrection Church have not been thoroughly analysed in Lithuanian art studies. The reasons for their non-implementation were not studied in detail, and the problem of the authorship of the final design is an unexplored topic. The article aims to supplement and clarify existing knowledge about the Christ’s Resurrection Church project competition. By reviewing the objectives, processes, and results of the competition, we assessed for the first time the unimplemented projects in a more coherent and detailed way, showing the different stylistic approaches of the architects and engineers to the task of designing the church, the criticisms that were made of the projects and the reasons why the standing building differs from the award-winning project and the implemented project of Reisonas that was prepared after the competition. The study showed how the idea of independence of the Republic of Lithuania in the monumental Christ’s Resurrection Church mobilised the public and actively involved them in the architectural design of the church. Criticism from the public and the architectural community of the prize-winning projects led to an unexpected artistic result in the final project, a modernist church created after the competition. Architects and other Lithuanian artists who were not awarded in the competition or did not participate also contributed to the final architectural design we see today.
Publisher
Sciendo,De Gruyter Brill Sp. z o.o., Paradigm Publishing Services
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