Journal Article

Specific nutrient combination effects on tax, NF-κB and MMP-9 in human T-cell lymphotropic virus -1 positive malignant T-lymphocytes

Alqahtani, Mohammed H, Abu-Elmagd, Muhammad, Diab-Assaf, Mona, Kumosani, Taha, Niedzwiecki, Aleksandra, Al-Hejin, Ahmed, Damanhouri, Ghazi A, Harakeh, Steve, Barbour, Elie, Assidi, Mourad, Azar, Rania, Rath, Mathias, Azhar, Esam

2015

Overview

Background Adult T-cell Leukemia (ATL) is a disease with no known cure. The disease manifests itself as an aggressive proliferation of CD4 + cells with the human T-cell Lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The leukemogenesis of the virus is mainly attributed to the viral oncoprotein. Tax activates the Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) which stimulates the activity and expression of the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a specific nutrient synergy (SNS) on proliferation, Tax expression, NF-κB levels as well as on MMP-9 activity and expression both at the transcriptional and translational levels in two HTLV-1 positive cell lines, HuT-102 and C91-PL at 48h and 96h of incubation. Cytotoxicity of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was assayed using CytoTox 96 Non-radioactive and proliferation was measured using Cell Titer96 TM Nonradioactive Cell Proliferation kit (MTT- based assay). Enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) were used to assess the effect of SNS on NF- κ B mobility. Zymography was used to determine the effects of SNS on the activity and secretion of MMP-9. The expression of MMP-9 was done using RT-PCR at the translational level and Immunoblotting at the transcriptional level. Results A significant inhibition of proliferation was seen in both cell lines starting at a concentration of 200μg/ml and in a dose dependent manner. SNS induced a dose dependent decrease in Tax expression, which was paralleled by a down-regulation of the nuclearization of NF-κB. This culminated in the inhibition of the activity of MMP-9 and their expression both at the transcriptional and translational levels. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that a specific nutrient synergy targeted multiple levels pertinent to the progression of ATL. Its activity was mediated through the NF- κ B pathway, and hence has the potential to be integrated in the treatment of this disease as a natural potent anticancer agent.

• Publisher: BioMed Central
• Subject: Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedicine / Cancer Research / Health Promotion and Disease Prevention / Medicine/Public Health / Oncology / Surgical Oncology