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The ichthyofauna of streams in the upper Purus-Antimary interfluve, with an expansion in the occurrence of Amazonian fish species
The ichthyofauna of streams in the upper Purus-Antimary interfluve, with an expansion in the occurrence of Amazonian fish species
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The ichthyofauna of streams in the upper Purus-Antimary interfluve, with an expansion in the occurrence of Amazonian fish species
The ichthyofauna of streams in the upper Purus-Antimary interfluve, with an expansion in the occurrence of Amazonian fish species

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The ichthyofauna of streams in the upper Purus-Antimary interfluve, with an expansion in the occurrence of Amazonian fish species
The ichthyofauna of streams in the upper Purus-Antimary interfluve, with an expansion in the occurrence of Amazonian fish species
Journal Article

The ichthyofauna of streams in the upper Purus-Antimary interfluve, with an expansion in the occurrence of Amazonian fish species

2025
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Overview
Abstract Few studies have investigated the ichthyofauna of streams in the upper Purus River basin, hampering efforts to understand the diversity of these numerous bodies of water. This study presents the first inventory of the ichthyofauna in the upper Purus-Antimary interfluve, southwestern Amazonia. The study was based on data compiled from various sources, including online repositories, scientific articles, and fish collected from four streams in a protected area. We assessed species richness, distribution area, conservation status and anthropogenic threats. The fieldwork study was carried out in four \"terra firme\" streams in the Purus River basin, with fieldwork conducted during the rainy season in March and November 2017. We identified a total of 92 species, 26 families, and six orders. The order Characiformes exhibited the highest species richness with 42 species, followed by Siluriformes with 34, and Gymnotiformes with 8 species. The Characidae family was the most diverse, with 25 species, followed by Loricariidae with 11 species and Callichthyidae with seven species. The collected fish samples totaled 1,794 individuals representing 58 species, 22 families, and 4 orders. The most abundant species were Knodus smithi with 307 individuals, followed by Chrysobrycon hesperus with 247 and Tyttocharax madeirae with 165. Most species were classified as being of low conservation concern. The study expanded the known extent of occurrence for Anablepsoides hoetmeri to 2,163.777 km2. Our findings underscore the importance of conserving aquatic habitats and riparian vegetation within the upper Purus-Antimary interfluve, given the presence of a rich and restricted ichthyofauna. Furthermore, we highlight the significant risks posed by anthropogenic pressures such as deforestation for pastures, wildfires, and illegal fishing activities. Resumo Poucos estudos investigaram a ictiofauna de riachos na bacia do alto rio Purus, dificultando os esforços para entender a diversidade desses numerosos corpos d'água. Este estudo apresenta o primeiro inventário da ictiofauna no interflúvio superior Purus-Antimary, sudoeste da Amazônia. O estudo foi baseado em dados compilados de várias fontes, incluindo repositórios online, artigos científicos e peixes coletados de quatro riachos em uma área protegida. Avaliamos a riqueza de espécies, área de distribuição, estado de conservação e ameaças antropogênicas. O estudo de campo foi realizado em quatro riachos de terra firme na bacia do rio Purus, com trabalho de campo conduzido durante a estação chuvosa em março e novembro de 2017. Identificamos um total de 92 espécies, 26 famílias e seis ordens. A ordem Characiformes exibiu a maior riqueza de espécies com 42 espécies, seguida por Siluriformes com 34 e Gymnotiformes com 8 espécies. A família Characidae foi a mais diversa, com 25 espécies, seguida por Loricariidae com 11 e Callichthyidae com 7 espécies. As amostras de peixes coletadas totalizaram 1.794 indivíduos representando 58 espécies, 22 famílias e 4 ordens. As espécies mais abundantes foram Knodus smithi com 307 indivíduos, seguida por Chrysobrycon hesperus com 247 e Tyttocharax madeirae com 165. A maioria das espécies foi classificada como de baixa preocupação de conservação. O estudo expandiu a extensão conhecida de ocorrência de Anablepsoides hoetmeri para 2.163,777 km2. Nossas descobertas ressaltam a importância da conservação de habitats aquáticos e vegetação ribeirinha dentro do interflúvio superior Purus-Antimary, dada a presença de uma ictiofauna rica e restrita. Além disso, destacamos os riscos significativos representados por pressões antropogênicas, como desmatamento para pastagens, incêndios florestais e atividades de pesca ilegal.
Publisher
Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade | BIOTA - FAPESP