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THE PUBLIC HEALTHCARE FINANCING POLICY IN BRAZIL: CHALLENGES FOR THE POST-PANDEMIC FUTURE
by
Guidolin, Ana Paula
, Rossi, Pedro Linhares
, David, Grazielle
in
ECONOMICS
/ fiscal austerity
/ Public healthcare system
/ tax rules
2023
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THE PUBLIC HEALTHCARE FINANCING POLICY IN BRAZIL: CHALLENGES FOR THE POST-PANDEMIC FUTURE
by
Guidolin, Ana Paula
, Rossi, Pedro Linhares
, David, Grazielle
in
ECONOMICS
/ fiscal austerity
/ Public healthcare system
/ tax rules
2023
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THE PUBLIC HEALTHCARE FINANCING POLICY IN BRAZIL: CHALLENGES FOR THE POST-PANDEMIC FUTURE
Journal Article
THE PUBLIC HEALTHCARE FINANCING POLICY IN BRAZIL: CHALLENGES FOR THE POST-PANDEMIC FUTURE
2023
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Overview
ABSTRACT Healthcare financing is attracting widespread interest due to the coronavirus pandemic. This study aims to assess federal public healthcare financing in Brazil in the light of a legal framework for minimum spending on health and the effects of economic cycles and crises. A literature review showed that public healthcare funding should increase during crises, which is contrary to what fiscal austerity policies postulate. Different formats of fiscal rules for minimum spending on health are analyzed based on the historical evolution of healthcare financing in Brazil. A simulation shows that linking this spending rule to GDP (and especially to current revenue) gives a pro-cyclical character to healthcare financing, which can make it difficult to guarantee health rights in times of crisis. Thus, a debate arises about the need to revise the rule set by the Constitutional Amendment 95/2016 (EC no. 95/2016) and to establish a parameter for growth in public healthcare expenditure that eliminates its pro-cyclical characteristic and enables the needs of the country to be met after the pandemic. RESUMO O financiamento de sistemas de saúde tem atraído amplo interesse devido à pandemia de coronavírus. Este artigo propõe uma avaliação do financiamento do sistema de saúde público no Brasil para o governo Federal à luz da legislação para gasto mínimo em saúde e dos efeitos de ciclos econômicos e crises. A partir de uma revisão da literatura, é indicado que, em momentos de crise, o financiamento do sistema público de saúde deva aumentar, contrário ao que as políticas de austeridade fiscal postulam. Diferentes formatos de regras fiscais para o gasto mínimo em saúde são analisados com base na evolução histórica do financiamento de saúde pública no Brasil. Uma simulação mostra que vincular essa regra de gasto ao PIB, e, principalmente, à receita corrente, atribui um caráter pró-cíclico ao financiamento do sistema público de saúde, o que dificulta a garantia do direito à saúde em momentos de crise. Assim, emerge o debate sobre a necessidade de revisar a regra estabelecida pela Emenda Constitucional nº 95/2016 e definir uma regra de crescimento para o gasto no sistema público de saúde que elimine o traço pró-cíclico e permita que as necessidades pós-pandemia do país sejam atendidas.
Publisher
Instituto de Economia da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Subject
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