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Zygote survival functions: A critical systematisation
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Zygote survival functions: A critical systematisation
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Zygote survival functions: A critical systematisation
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Zygote survival functions: A critical systematisation
Zygote survival functions: A critical systematisation
Journal Article

Zygote survival functions: A critical systematisation

2025
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Overview
The life cycle of a sexually reproducing species starts from the formation of a zygote by fusion of two gametes. In external fertilisers, the survival of an individual organism from a zygote to an adult is precarious and depends largely on the gametic provisioning of resources by its parents (via the female gamete in species where anisogamy has evolved). In evolutionary ecology, this early survival time has been modelled using a variety of zygote survival functions. In evolutionary modelling applications, the fitness of an individual is measured by the number of its offspring that survive to reproductive maturity, making the survival probability of the offspring a key component in these models. Despite their significance, the existing zygote survival functions remain scattered, with little consensus on their theoretical principles and mathematical tools. Here, our aim was to provide clarification and coherence for future theoretical and empirical research. We achieve this by reconstructing the history of zygote survival modelling, analysing existing zygote survival functions and discussing their theoretical details and problems. Systematising existing survival functions will facilitate future modelling work and will decrease duplication of efforts by concentrating theoretical focus into a unified modelling discourse. Tiivistelmä Suvullisesti lisääntyvän lajin elinkierto alkaa, kun kaksi gameettia yhtyy ja muodostaa zygootin. Ulkoisesti hedelmöittyvillä lajeilla yksilön selviytyminen zygootista aikuiseksi on epävarmaa ja riippuu pitkälti resursseista, jotka zygootti saa vanhemmiltaan sukusolujen kautta (anisogamisilla lajeilla munasoluista). Evoluutioekologiassa selviytymistä tässä elämän varhaisessa vaiheessa on mallinnettu käyttämällä erilaisia zygoottien selviytymisfunktioita. Evolutiivisissa mallinnussovelluksissa yksilön kelpoisuutta mitataan yleisesti sukukypsään aikuisuuteen selviävien jälkeläisten lukumäärällä, mikä tekee jälkeläisten selviytymistodennäköisyydestä oleellisen komponentin näissä malleissa. Tärkeydestään huolimatta olemassa olevat zygoottien selviytymisfunktiot muodostavat hajanaisen joukon vailla yksimielisyyttä niiden teoreettisista periaatteista tai matemaattisista menetelmistä. Tavoitteemme tässä artikkelissa oli selkeyttää ja johdonmukaistaa aihepiirin teoreettista ja empiiristä tutkimusta hahmottelemalla zygoottien selviytymisfunktioiden mallintamisen historiaa, analysoimalla olemassa olevia zygoottien selviytymisfunktioita ja keskustelemalla niiden teoreettisista yksityiskohdista ja ongelmista. Olemassa olevien zygoottien selviytymisfunktioiden systematisointi helpottaa tulevaa mallinnusta ja ehkäisee turhaa työtä keskittämällä teoreettisen painopisteen yhtenäistettyyn mallinnusperinteeseen.