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Growth and biosynthetic profiles of callus and suspension cell cultures of two rare foxglove species, Digitalis grandiflora Mill. and D. ciliata Trautv
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Growth and biosynthetic profiles of callus and suspension cell cultures of two rare foxglove species, Digitalis grandiflora Mill. and D. ciliata Trautv
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Growth and biosynthetic profiles of callus and suspension cell cultures of two rare foxglove species, Digitalis grandiflora Mill. and D. ciliata Trautv
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Journal Article
Growth and biosynthetic profiles of callus and suspension cell cultures of two rare foxglove species, Digitalis grandiflora Mill. and D. ciliata Trautv
2022
Overview
Callus and suspension cell cultures of rare foxglove species, Digitalis ciliata and D. grandiflora, were induced from cotyledons and hypocotyls of in vitro seedlings, and their growth and phytochemical profiles were investigated. In both species, callus induction was more efficient from leaf explants (60–80%) than from hypocotyl explants (15–35%). Callus cultures of both species grew well with growth indices ranged from 5 to 10 depending on the genotype. Suspension culture growth profiles also differed between the two species with a 10–11-days lag-phase observed for D. grandiflora and a bi-phasic growth curve without lag-phase recorded for D. ciliata. The main growth characteristics of the D. grandiflora suspension cell culture (maximum biomass accumulation ~ 14 g/L, growth index ~ 10, economic coefficient ~ 0.42, biomass productivity ~ 0.53 g/(L × day)) were 1.5–3 times higher than those for D. ciliata. Ten compounds were identified in cell biomass using UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS: phenylethanoids digiciliside A, digiciliside B, maxoside, purpureaside E, their methyl derivatives and isomers, and two furostanol glycosides with aglycone tigogenin. Phenylethanoid glycosides were major compounds and comprised 0.8–1.1% of dry weight. During the two-years cultivation, suspension cultures retained the ability to accumulate most of the identified compounds evidencing for stability of species-specific secondary metabolism in cultured foxglove cells during this period.Key messagePhenylethanoid glycosides (1.1% DW) and steroidal furostanol glycosides were identified in callus and suspension cell cultures of rare medicinal species Digitalis ciliata and D. grandiflora developed for the first time.
