Journal Article

Dark matter induced proton decays

Kumar, Ranjeet, Srivastava, Rahul

2026

Overview

A bstract We propose a novel theoretical framework in which proton decay is induced by the dark matter. While proton decay requires violation of the B + L symmetry, dark matter stability often relies on the presence of an unbroken symmetry. These seemingly distinct phenomena are unified through the global U(1) B + L symmetry inherent in the Standard Model. Its spontaneous breaking leads to a residual Z 4 symmetry, which ensures dark matter stability and forbids proton decay at tree level. Consequently, proton decay occurs at the one-loop level, mediated by dark sector particles. The proton lifetime is linked with the dark matter, the heavier dark matter mass enhancing proton stability, and vice versa. The O TeV masses of the mediators remain consistent with current proton lifetime limits, making them accessible to experimental searches. In particular, the leptoquark mediating proton decay, carrying exotic B + L charges, leads to a distinctive signature in collider searches. By intertwining proton decay, dark matter stability, and collider phenomenology, this framework offers distinctive signatures that can be probed in current and future experiments.

• Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V,SpringerOpen
• Subject: Baryon/Lepton Number Violation / Classical and Quantum Gravitation / Dark matter / Elementary Particles / Models for Dark Matter / Particle decay / Particle Nature of Dark Matter / Phenomenology / Physics / Physics and Astronomy / Protons / Quantum Field Theories / Quantum Field Theory / Quantum Physics / Regular Article - Theoretical Physics / Relativity Theory / Searching / Stability / String Theory / Symmetry