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Current transport and loss mechanisms in the Z accelerator

by Bennett, N. , Rose, D. V. , Hutsel, B. T. , Hess, M. H. , Laity, G. , Moore, J. K. , Peterson, K. , Welch, D. R. , Cuneo, M. E. , Yu, E. , Jennings, C. A.

in Current density / Current loss / Electrodes / Electron density / Insulation / Kelvin-Helmholtz instability / PARTICLE ACCELERATORS / Particle emission / Plasmas (physics) / Pulse propagation / Transmission lines

2019

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Current transport and loss mechanisms in the Z accelerator

by Bennett, N. , Rose, D. V. , Hutsel, B. T. , Hess, M. H. , Laity, G. , Moore, J. K. , Peterson, K. , Welch, D. R. , Cuneo, M. E. , Yu, E. , Jennings, C. A.

2019

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Current transport and loss mechanisms in the Z accelerator

by Bennett, N. , Rose, D. V. , Hutsel, B. T. , Hess, M. H. , Laity, G. , Moore, J. K. , Peterson, K. , Welch, D. R. , Cuneo, M. E. , Yu, E. , Jennings, C. A.

2019

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Journal Article

Current transport and loss mechanisms in the Z accelerator

Bennett, N.,

Rose, D. V.,

Hutsel, B. T.,

Hess, M. H.,

Laity, G.,

Moore, J. K.,

Peterson, K.,

Welch, D. R.,

Cuneo, M. E.,

Yu, E.,

Jennings, C. A.

2019

Overview

A challenge for the TW-class accelerators drivingZ-pinch experiments, such as Sandia National Laboratories’Zmachine, is to efficiently couple power from multiple storage banks into a single multi-MA transmission line. The physical processes that lead to current loss are identified in new large-scale, multidimensional simulations of theZmachine. Kinetic models follow the range of physics occurring during a pulse, from vacuum pulse propagation to charged-particle emission and magnetically-insulated current flow to electrode plasma expansion. Simulations demonstrate that current is diverted from the load through a combination of standard transport (uninsulated charged-particle flows) and anomalous transport. Standard transport occurs in regions where the electrode current density is a few104−105A/cm2and current is diverted from the load via transport without magnetic insulation. In regions with electrode current density>106A/cm2, electrode surface plasmas develop velocity-shear instabilities and a Hall-field-related transport which scales with electron density and may, therefore, lead to increased current loss.

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Publisher

American Physical Society,American Physical Society (APS)

Subject

/ Kelvin-Helmholtz instability

/ PARTICLE ACCELERATORS