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GIGANTEA Enables Drought Escape Response via Abscisic Acid-Dependent Activation of the Florigens and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1
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GIGANTEA Enables Drought Escape Response via Abscisic Acid-Dependent Activation of the Florigens and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1
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GIGANTEA Enables Drought Escape Response via Abscisic Acid-Dependent Activation of the Florigens and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1
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Journal Article
GIGANTEA Enables Drought Escape Response via Abscisic Acid-Dependent Activation of the Florigens and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1
2013
Overview
Floral transition under drought conditions is accelerated by enabling ABA-dependent up-regulation of the florigen genes. Modulation of the transition to flowering plays an important role in the adaptation to drought. The drought-escape (DE) response allows plants to adaptively shorten their life cycle to make seeds before severe stress leads to death. However, the molecular basis of the DE response is unknown. A screen of different Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) flowering time mutants under DE-triggering conditions revealed the central role of the flower-promoting gene GIGANTEA (GI) and the florigen genes FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and TWIN SISTER OF FT (TSF) in the DE response. Further screens showed that the phytohormone abscisic acid is required for the DE response, positively regulating flowering under long-day conditions. Drought stress promotes the transcriptional up-regulation of the florigens in an abscisic acid- and photoperiod-dependent manner, so that early flowering only occurs under long days. Along with the florigens, the floral integrator SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 is also up-regulated in a similar fashion and contributes to the activation of TSF. The DE response was recovered under short days in the absence of the floral repressor SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE or in GI-overexpressing plants. Our data reveal a key role for GI in connecting photoperiodic cues and environmental stress independently from the central FT/TSF activator CONSTANS. This mechanism explains how environmental cues may act upon the florigen genes in a photoperiodically controlled manner, thus enabling plastic flowering responses.
Publisher
American Society of Plant Biologists
Subject
Biological and medical sciences
/ Biology and morphogenesis of the reproductive apparatus. Photoperiodism, vernalisation
/ drought
/ florigen
/ Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
/ genes
/ Plant physiology and development
/ Vegetative and sexual reproduction, floral biology, fructification
