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Lowering the operating temperature of protonic ceramic electrochemical cells to <450 °C
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Lowering the operating temperature of protonic ceramic electrochemical cells to <450 °C
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Journal Article
Lowering the operating temperature of protonic ceramic electrochemical cells to <450 °C
2023
Overview
Protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (PCECs) can be employed for power generation and sustainable hydrogen production. Lowering the PCEC operating temperature can facilitate its scale-up and commercialization. However, achieving high energy efficiency and long-term durability at low operating temperatures is a long-standing challenge. Here, we report a simple and scalable approach for fabricating ultrathin, chemically homogeneous, and robust proton-conducting electrolytes and demonstrate an in situ formed composite positive electrode, Ba
0.62
Sr
0.38
CoO
3
−
δ
–Pr
1.44
Ba
0.11
Sr
0.45
Co
1.32
Fe
0.68
O
6
−
δ
, which significantly reduces ohmic resistance, positive electrode–electrolyte contact resistance and electrode polarization resistance. The PCECs attain high power densities in fuel-cell mode (~0.75 W cm
−2
at 450 °C and ~0.10 W cm
−2
at 275 °C) and exceptional current densities in steam electrolysis mode (−1.28 A cm
−2
at 1.4 V and 450 °C). At 600 °C, the PCECs achieve a power density of ~2 W cm
−2
. Additionally, we demonstrate the direct utilization of methane and ammonia for power generation at <450 °C. Our PCECs are also stable for power generation and hydrogen production at 400 °C.
The typically high temperatures (≥500 °C) at which ceramic electrochemical cells operate place constraints on device materials and construction. Here Liu and colleagues design reversible proton-conducting electrochemical cells that can operate with high performance at temperatures of 450 °C and below.
