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Luxury application of biochar does not enhance rice yield and methane mitigation: a review and data analysis
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Luxury application of biochar does not enhance rice yield and methane mitigation: a review and data analysis
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Journal Article
Luxury application of biochar does not enhance rice yield and methane mitigation: a review and data analysis
2024
Overview
Purpose
It is unclear whether a higher biochar (BC) application rate enhances rice (
Oryza sativa
L.) yield and reduces CH
4
emissions. This study investigated changes in rice yield and CH
4
emissions with varying BC application rates.
Methods
Data on rice yield and CH
4
emission from paddies amended with or without BC were collected from the literature, and the biochar effects were analyzed using the data set.
Results
Across the biochar application rate from 2 to 48 t ha
-1
, the rice yield increased (by 10.8%) while the area-scaled (by 14.4%) and yield-scaled CH
4
emission (by 22.2%) decreased. However, the correlation of BC application rates with rice yield and CH
4
mitigation was not significant, implying that a higher BC application rate did not enhance rice yield and CH
4
reduction. Interestingly, for a data set showing increased rice yield and decreased CH
4
emission by BC, the magnitude of change in the rice yield and CH
4
mitigation per unit weight of BC (1 t ha
-1
) decreased with an increase in the BC application rate. These results suggest that BC effects on rice yield and CH
4
mitigation are not additive, probably because of the decreases in the inherent capacity of unit weight of BC to enhance rice yield and reduce CH
4
emission, which might be caused by the adverse effects of toxic compounds contained in BC, losses of BC, and a higher degree of nutrient immobilization by BC.
Conclusions
Annual BC application at a low rate (e.g., 2 t ha
-1
) rather than a luxury application may be an effective and economical strategy for long-term rice yield enhancement and CH
4
mitigation using BC.
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V
