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Deuterium retention in cold spray tantalum coatings vs. polycrystalline tungsten and tantalum
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Deuterium retention in cold spray tantalum coatings vs. polycrystalline tungsten and tantalum
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Journal Article
Deuterium retention in cold spray tantalum coatings vs. polycrystalline tungsten and tantalum
2025
Overview
Enhanced deuterium retention in tantalum (Ta) cold spray coatings, compared to reference polycrystalline tantalum and tungsten materials, has been evaluated using the thermal desorption spectrometry technique. Tantalum coatings, deposited via cold spray technology on 316L stainless steel substrates, are proposed as plasma-facing material surfaces with hydrogen gettering functionality for advanced fusion concepts. The materials were exposed to 95 eV D ions at a flux of 1.6– 3.5×1021 D m−2 s−1. Retention was measured as a function of incident ion fluence and surface temperature. The results highlight an increased deuterium inventory in Ta cold spray coatings by a factor of 3.5 compared to polycrystalline tantalum and by two orders of magnitude compared to polycrystalline tungsten. A tendency for retention saturation in tantalum is observed at a fluence above 1×1024 D m−2. While deuterium retention gradually decreases with increasing surface temperature from 400 K to 925 K for polycrystalline tungsten, it remains constant for polycrystalline tantalum. In contrast, retention in Ta coatings significantly decreases when the surface temperature exceeds 750 K. The microstructure of the cold spray Ta coatings plays a crucial role in the dynamics of deuterium trapping and release. Tantalum also exhibits a superior resistance to blister formation compared to tungsten when subjected to a high dose of deuterium.
