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Managing conflict between large carnivores and livestock
by
Dickman, Chris R.
, Ripple, William J.
, Ritchie, Euan G.
, Macdonald, David W.
, van Eeden, Lily M.
, Crowther, Mathew S.
, Newsome, Thomas M.
in
animales guardianes del ganado
/ Animals
/ attitudes and opinions
/ Biodiversity
/ carnivore
/ Carnivores
/ Carnivorous animals
/ carnívoro
/ Coexistence
/ conflicto humano – fauna
/ Conflicts
/ Continents
/ Control
/ control letal
/ Cultural values
/ Cultures
/ depredador
/ economic incentives
/ economic investment
/ Environmental conditions
/ environmental factors
/ Environmental monitoring
/ Fauna
/ human-animal relations
/ human–wildlife conflict
/ Incentives
/ Industry
/ issues and policy
/ lethal control
/ livelihood
/ Livelihoods
/ Livestock
/ livestock guardian animals
/ Livestock production
/ manejo no‐letal
/ meta-analysis
/ Mitigation
/ monitoring
/ nonlethal management
/ Policies
/ predator
/ Predators
/ Review
/ Wildlife conservation
2018
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Managing conflict between large carnivores and livestock
by
Dickman, Chris R.
, Ripple, William J.
, Ritchie, Euan G.
, Macdonald, David W.
, van Eeden, Lily M.
, Crowther, Mathew S.
, Newsome, Thomas M.
in
animales guardianes del ganado
/ Animals
/ attitudes and opinions
/ Biodiversity
/ carnivore
/ Carnivores
/ Carnivorous animals
/ carnívoro
/ Coexistence
/ conflicto humano – fauna
/ Conflicts
/ Continents
/ Control
/ control letal
/ Cultural values
/ Cultures
/ depredador
/ economic incentives
/ economic investment
/ Environmental conditions
/ environmental factors
/ Environmental monitoring
/ Fauna
/ human-animal relations
/ human–wildlife conflict
/ Incentives
/ Industry
/ issues and policy
/ lethal control
/ livelihood
/ Livelihoods
/ Livestock
/ livestock guardian animals
/ Livestock production
/ manejo no‐letal
/ meta-analysis
/ Mitigation
/ monitoring
/ nonlethal management
/ Policies
/ predator
/ Predators
/ Review
/ Wildlife conservation
2018
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Managing conflict between large carnivores and livestock
by
Dickman, Chris R.
, Ripple, William J.
, Ritchie, Euan G.
, Macdonald, David W.
, van Eeden, Lily M.
, Crowther, Mathew S.
, Newsome, Thomas M.
in
animales guardianes del ganado
/ Animals
/ attitudes and opinions
/ Biodiversity
/ carnivore
/ Carnivores
/ Carnivorous animals
/ carnívoro
/ Coexistence
/ conflicto humano – fauna
/ Conflicts
/ Continents
/ Control
/ control letal
/ Cultural values
/ Cultures
/ depredador
/ economic incentives
/ economic investment
/ Environmental conditions
/ environmental factors
/ Environmental monitoring
/ Fauna
/ human-animal relations
/ human–wildlife conflict
/ Incentives
/ Industry
/ issues and policy
/ lethal control
/ livelihood
/ Livelihoods
/ Livestock
/ livestock guardian animals
/ Livestock production
/ manejo no‐letal
/ meta-analysis
/ Mitigation
/ monitoring
/ nonlethal management
/ Policies
/ predator
/ Predators
/ Review
/ Wildlife conservation
2018
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Journal Article
Managing conflict between large carnivores and livestock
2018
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Overview
Large carnivores are persecuted globally because they threaten human industries and livelihoods. How this conflict is managed has consequencesfor the conservation of large carnivores and biodiversity more broadly. Mitigating human-predator conflict should be evidence-based and accommodate people's values while protecting carnivores. Despite much research into human and large-carnivore coexistence strategies, there have been few attempts to document the success of conflict-mitigation strategies on a global scale. We conducted a meta-analysis of global research on conflict mitigation related to large carnivores and humans. We focused on conflicts that arise from the threat large carnivores pose to livestock. We first used structured and unstructured searching to identify replicated studies that used before-after or control-impact design to measure change in livestock loss as a result of implementing a management intervention. We then extracted relevant data from these studies to calculate an overall effect sizefor each intervention type. Research effort and focus varied among continents and aligned with the histories and cultures that shaped livestock production and attitudes toward carnivores. Livestock guardian animals most effectively reduced livestock losses. Lethal control was the second most effective control, although its success varied the most, and guardian animals and lethal control did not differ significantly. Financial incentives have promoted tolerance of large carnivores in some settings and reduced retaliatory killings. We suggest coexistence strategies be locationspecific, incorporate cultural values and environmental conditions, and be designed such that return on financial investment can be evaluated. Improved monitoring of mitigation measures is urgently required to promote effective evidence-based policy. Los carnívoros grandes son perseguidos en todo el mundo porque amenazan el sustento y las industrias humanas. En general, la forma en que se maneja este conflicto tiene consecuencias para la conservación de los grandes carnívoros y la biodiversidad. La mitigación del conflicto humano - fauna debería tener bases en las evidencias y debería acomodarse a los valores de las personas mientras protege a los carnívoros. A pesar de la amplia investigación sobre las estrategias de coexistencia entre humanos y carnívoros grandes, ha habido pocos intentos por documentar el éxito de las estrategias mitigantes del conflicto en una escala global. Realizamos un meta-análisis de la investigación global sobre la mitigación de conflictos relacionados con los carnívoros grandes y los humanos. Nos enfocamos en los conflictos que surgen de la amenaza que los carnívoros grandes presentan para el ganado. Primero utilizamos búsquedas estructuradas y no-estructuradas para identificar los estudios replicados que utilizaron el diseño antes - después o control - impacto para medir el cambio en la pérdida del ganado como resultado de la implementación de una intervención de manejo. Después extrajimos los datos relevantes de estos estudios para calcular un tamaño general de efecto para cada tipo de intervención. El esfuerzo y el enfoque de la investigación variaron entre los continentes y se alinearon con las historias y culturas que dieron forma a la producción ganadera y a las actitudes hacia los carnívoros. Los animales guardianes del ganado fueron los que redujeron con mayor eficiencia las pérdidas del ganado. El control letal fue el segundo control más efectivo, aunque su éxito fue el que más varió, y los animales guardianes y el control letal no difirieron significativamente. Los incentivos económicos han promovido la tolerancia de los carnívoros grandes en algunas localidades y han reducido las muertes por represalia. Sugerimos que las estrategias de coexistencia sean específicas de la localidad, incorporen los valores culturales y las condiciones ambientales, y estén diseñadas de tal forma que el retorno de una inversión financiera pueda ser evaluado. El monitoreo mejorado de las medidas de mitigación es requerido urgentemente para promover la política efectiva basada en evidencias.
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