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Current trends and challenges on dementia management and research in Latin America
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Current trends and challenges on dementia management and research in Latin America
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Journal Article
Current trends and challenges on dementia management and research in Latin America
2020
Overview
In these studies, incidence was similar [17,19] or higher in LA countries than in Western countries [18]. Besides age, other risk factors included markers of low cognitive reserve [18], poor cardiovascular health [20], and being a carrier of at least one APOE-ϵ 4 allele [19]. Joint efforts of clinicians and epidemiologists would be essential to improve the quality of epidemiological data on dementia in LA. Besides the high overall prevalence of dementia reported in most studies, prevalence among younger elderly (ie, 65-69 years) was found to be 2.4%, exactly twice the rate reported by a systematic review of 21 studies conducted in Europe [8]. [...]low education might increase dementia risk by limiting adequate diagnosis and treatment of comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus, as well as being commonly associated with impaired nutritional status. [...]low educational attainment is also associated with low cognitive reserve [21], thus possibly leading to the earlier manifestation of dementia symptoms. [...]the illiteracy rate among the elderly population is high, currently at 21%. [...]at least in Brazil, there is an unequal distribution of literacy rates, with lower figures in specific regions (North and Northeast) and rural areas of the country.
