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Pharmacotherapeutic Considerations on Telomere Biology: The Positive Effect of Pharmacologically Active Substances on Telomere Length

by Apetroaei, Miruna-Maria , Dinu-Pirvu, Cristina Elena , Fragkiadaki, Persefoni , Nedea, Marina Ionela (Ilie) , Renieri, Elisavet , Drăgănescu, Doina , Docea, Anca Oana , Vlăsceanu, Ana Maria , Baliou, Stella , Udeanu, Denisa Ioana , Arsene, Andreea Letiția , Tsatsakis, Artistidis , Velescu, Bruno Ștefan

in Aging - drug effects / Aging - genetics / Analysis / Animals / Antilipemic agents / Biomarkers / Chromatin / Chromosomes / Chronic illnesses / Development and progression / DNA methylation / DNA sequencing / Drug therapy / Genomes / Genomics / Hormone therapy / Humans / Medical research / Medicine, Experimental / Nucleotide sequencing / Telmisartan / Telomere - drug effects / Telomere - genetics / Telomere - metabolism / Telomere Homeostasis - drug effects / Telomere Shortening - drug effects / Telomeres / Type 2 diabetes / Yeast

2024

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Pharmacotherapeutic Considerations on Telomere Biology: The Positive Effect of Pharmacologically Active Substances on Telomere Length

2024

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Pharmacotherapeutic Considerations on Telomere Biology: The Positive Effect of Pharmacologically Active Substances on Telomere Length

2024

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Journal Article

Pharmacotherapeutic Considerations on Telomere Biology: The Positive Effect of Pharmacologically Active Substances on Telomere Length

Apetroaei, Miruna-Maria,

Dinu-Pirvu, Cristina Elena,

Fragkiadaki, Persefoni,

Nedea, Marina Ionela (Ilie),

Renieri, Elisavet,

Drăgănescu, Doina,

Docea, Anca Oana,

Vlăsceanu, Ana Maria,

Baliou, Stella,

Udeanu, Denisa Ioana,

Arsene, Andreea Letiția,

Tsatsakis, Artistidis,

Velescu, Bruno Ștefan

2024

Overview

Telomeres are part of chromatin structures containing repeated DNA sequences, which function as protective caps at the ends of chromosomes and prevent DNA degradation and recombination, thus ensuring the integrity of the genome. While telomere length (TL) can be genetically inherited, TL shortening has been associated with ageing and multiple xenobiotics and bioactive substances. TL has been characterised as a reliable biomarker for the predisposition to developing chronic pathologies and their progression. This narrative review aims to provide arguments in favour of including TL measurements in a complex prognostic and diagnostic panel of chronic pathologies and the importance of assessing the effect of different pharmacologically active molecules on the biology of telomeres. Medicines used in the management of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, schizophrenia, hormone replacement therapy at menopause, danazol, melatonin, and probiotics have been studied for their positive protective effects against TL shortening. All these classes of drugs are analysed in the present review, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms involved.

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MDPI AG

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/ Animals