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Experimental and numerical study on fire development process and fire risk assessment of historic timber lounge bridges
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Experimental and numerical study on fire development process and fire risk assessment of historic timber lounge bridges
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Journal Article
Experimental and numerical study on fire development process and fire risk assessment of historic timber lounge bridges
2024
Overview
Historic timber lounge bridges are precious architectural heritages. But they are sensitive to fire. In order to obtain an adequate understanding of the fire vulnerability of historical timber lounge bridges for their better conservation, this paper proposes a framework based on experiment and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. Dengyun Bridge, a typical timber lounge bridge with cantilever beams, was chosen to carry out study on the fire development process and fire risk assessment. Firstly, the structural form and fire loads of the bridge were obtained by conducting on-site survey, and then a complex pyrolysis model of ancient wood was established in the Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS) according to the pyrolysis characteristic of the ancient wood replaced from the bridge during its renovation. Secondly, the fire development process in Dengyun Bridge was simulated and four crucial fire events were defined. Finally, the comprehensive fire risk index for the Dengyun Bridge under those fire events was calculated by applying the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Entropy method, and some mitigation and prevention strategies were discussed accordingly. The obtained results indicated that the flashover point was a boundary of fire development. After the flashover, the comprehensive fire risk index increased and reached its peak value rapidly. In the 1084 s (peak heat release rate), the comprehensive fire risk index was about 1.7 times of that in 847 s (flashover point). Mitigation strategies, such as the flame-retardant treatment and water-mist extinguishing system, were proved to be effective to retard the developed fire. The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for fire risk assessment and conservation of inherited timber lounge bridges.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
