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Gulf Security and the Iranian Challenge
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Gulf Security and the Iranian Challenge
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Journal Article
Gulf Security and the Iranian Challenge
1996
Overview
When examing Gulf security, consideration should be given to the following five themes. First is the collapse of the Arab regional system in the aftermath of the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait and the inability of the Arab League and other regional organizations to cope with the 1990 crisis. Second is the US policy of dual containment-its foundations and potential ramifications-along with the continuing international sanctions against Iraq and the ongoing conflict between the United States and Iran. Third is the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War-watersheds with two important implications for Gulf security: a strengthened US commitment to ensuring security in the Gulf, which includes the frequent docking of US ships at Gulf ports, prepositioning of military equipment, and the periodic deployment of military personnel; and ongoing Russian military sales to Iran, including the transfer of advanced technology and military hardware. A fourth theme is Arab-Israeli peace which, while having generally reduced tensions between Arab nations and the Jewish state, has increased the probability of hostilities in the Gulf. Fifth is the declining state of the Iranian economy, due in part to fiscal mismanagement, a lack of skilled administrators and high rates of population growth. Economic prosperity is inextricably dependent upon political stability. In reaction to continual economic deterioration, domestic discontent may spill over and manifest itself in the adoption of more radical foreign policy options. The proposition that the Islamic Republic of Iran is generally viewed today by the international community as a major threat to the stability of the Gulf region is the focus of this article.
