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Insight into nitrous oxide production processes in the western North Pacific based on a marine ecosystem isotopomer model
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Insight into nitrous oxide production processes in the western North Pacific based on a marine ecosystem isotopomer model
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Journal Article
Insight into nitrous oxide production processes in the western North Pacific based on a marine ecosystem isotopomer model
2016
Overview
A marine ecosystem model that incorporates nitrous oxide (N
2
O) production processes (i.e., ammonium oxidation during nitrification and nitrite reduction during nitrifier denitrification) and N isotopomers was developed to estimate the sea–air N
2
O flux and to quantify N
2
O production processes. This model was applied to water above the depth of 220 m at two contrasting time series sites, a subarctic station (K2) and a subtropical station (S1) in the western North Pacific. The model was validated with observed N concentration and N isotopomer data sets, and successfully simulated the higher N
2
O concentrations, higher δ
15
N values, and higher site preference values for N
2
O at K2 compared with S1. The annual mean N
2
O emissions were estimated to be 32.3 mg N m
−2
year
−1
at K2 and 2.7 mg N m
−2
year
−1
at S1. The results of case studies based on this model estimated the ratios of in situ biological N
2
O production to nitrate production during nitrification to be ~0.22 % at K2 and ~0.06 % at S1. It is also suggested that N
2
O was mainly produced via ammonium oxidation at K2, but was produced via both ammonium oxidation and nitrite reduction at S1. A large fraction (~80 %) of the ammonium oxidation at K2 was carried out by archaea in the subsurface water. Isotope tracer incubation experiments using an archaeal activity inhibitor supported this hypothesis.
Publisher
Springer Japan,Springer Nature B.V
