Journal Article

Interactions between dietary carbohydrate and thiamine: implications on the growth performance and intestinal mitochondrial biogenesis and function of Megalobrama amblycephala

Liu, Wen-Bin, Brown, Paul B., Xie, Di-Zhi, Li, Xiang-Fei, Ding, Zhi-Rong, Xu, Chao, Gao, Liu-Ling, Li, Yuan-You

2022

Overview

A12-week experiment was conducted to evaluate the influences of thiamine ongrowth performance, and intestinal mitochondrial biogenesis and function of Megalobramaamblycephala fed a high-carbohydrate (HC) diet. Fish (24·73 (sem 0·45) g) were randomly assigned to one of four diets: two carbohydrate (CHO) levels (30 and 45 %) and two thiamine levels (0 and 1·5 mg/kg). HC diets significantly decreased DGC, GRMBW, FIMBW, intestinal activities of amylase, lipase, Na+, K+-ATPase, CK, complexes I, III and IV, intestinal ML, number of mitochondrial per field, ΔΨm, the P-AMPK: T-AMPK ratio, PGC-1β protein expression as well as the transcriptions of AMPKα1, AMPKα2, PGC-1β, mitochondrial transcription factor A, Opa-1, ND-1 and COX-1 and 2, while the opposite was true for ATP, AMP and reactive oxygen species, and the transcriptions of dynamin-related protein-1, fission-1 and mitochondrial fission factor. Dietarythiamine concentrations significantly increased DGC, GRMBW, intestinal activities of amylase, Na+, K+-ATPase, CK, complexes I and IV, intestinal ML, number of mitochondrial per field, ΔΨm, the P-AMPK:T-AMPK ratio, PGC-1β protein expression as well as the transcriptions of AMPKα1, AMPKα2, PGC-1β, Opa-1, ND-1, COX-1 and 2, SGLT-1 and GLUT-2. Furthermore, a significant interaction between dietary CHO and thiamine was observed in DGC, GRMBW, intestinal activities of amylase, CK, complexes I and IV, ΔΨm, the AMP:ATP ratio, the P-AMPK:T-AMPK ratio, PGC-1β protein expression as well as the transcriptions of AMPKα1, AMPKα2, PGC-1β, Opa-1, COX-1 and 2, SGLT-1 and GLUT-2. Overall, thiamine supplementation improved growth performance, and intestinal mitochondrial biogenesis and function of M. amblycephala fed HC diets.

• Publisher: Cambridge University Press
• Subject: Adenosine Monophosphate / Adenosine Triphosphatases - metabolism / Adenosine triphosphate / Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism / AMP-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism / Amylases / Amylases - metabolism / Animals / ATP / biogenesis / Biosynthesis / Carbohydrates / carboxylic ester hydrolases / Cyclooxygenase-1 / Diet / dietary carbohydrate / Dietary Carbohydrates - metabolism / Dietary Carbohydrates - pharmacology / Dynamin / Energy / Enzymes / fish / Fission / Gene expression / Glucose / growth performance / High carbohydrate diet / Intestine / intestines / Kinases / Laboratory animals / Megalobrama amblycephala / Metabolism / Mitochondria / Mitochondrial DNA / Molecular Nutrition / Na+/K+-exchanging ATPase / Organelle Biogenesis / Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha - metabolism / Physiology / protein synthesis / Proteins / Reactive oxygen species / thiamin / Thiamine / Thiamine - pharmacology / transcription factors / Vitamin B / Water temperature