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The role of biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in respiratory tract infections and its impact on patient prognosis
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The role of biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in respiratory tract infections and its impact on patient prognosis
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Journal Article
The role of biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in respiratory tract infections and its impact on patient prognosis
2026
Overview
Background
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is a prevalent nosocomial pathogen causing respiratory tract infections, and its biofilm formation poses challenges to treatment and influences prognosis. However, the data on strong biofilm-forming strains in Chinese respiratory tract infection patients and their independent prognostic value remain unclear.
Methods
This retrospective study included 362 inpatients with
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-induced respiratory tract infections (Jan 2021–Jun 2023). Strains were subjected to crystal violet staining for biofilm quantification and Vitek2 Compact system for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Global Optimal Matching and Logistic regression were used for analysis.
Results
54.7% of isolates were strong biofilm-forming strains, with a higher multidrug resistance rate (53.0% vs 35.4%,
p
= 0.001). After Global Optimal Matching, patients infected with strong biofilm-forming strain had longer hospital stays (28.5 vs 19.0 days,
p
< 0.001) and higher 30/60-day mortality (18.3%/20.1% vs 7.9%/8.5%,
p
< 0.01). Strong biofilm formation, multidrug resistance, invasive mechanical ventilation, and diabetes were independent mortality risk factors.
Conclusion
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
with strong biofilm formation is common in Chinese respiratory tract infection patients, associated with increased drug resistance and mortality, serves as an independent short-term prognostic factor for mortality. This study fills gaps in Chinese population data and validates the clinical utility of biofilm detection, providing critical evidence to guide clinical risk stratification and treatment.
Graphical Abstract
