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Glycemia, Insulin Sensitivity, and Secretion Improve 3 Months Post-sleeve Gastrectomy in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes
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Glycemia, Insulin Sensitivity, and Secretion Improve 3 Months Post-sleeve Gastrectomy in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes
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Journal Article
Glycemia, Insulin Sensitivity, and Secretion Improve 3 Months Post-sleeve Gastrectomy in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes
2025
Overview
Metabolic bariatric surgery reduces weight in youth with severe obesity; however, its impacts on youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) are unclear.
We evaluated short-term outcomes in youth with T2D 3 months after vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG).
Longitudinal, observational study in the Impact of Metabolic surgery on Pancreatic, Renal, and cardiOVascular hEalth in youth with T2D study (IMPROVE-T2D).
Academic medical university and children's hospital.
Fourteen youth with T2D [mean age ± SD 16.8 ± 1.4 years; 50% female, pre-VSG hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 6.6 ± 0.2%; diabetes duration 17.6 ± 13.8 months; age at diabetes diagnosis 15.9 ± 1.4 years; body mass index (BMI) 46.7 ± 2 kg/m
].
Participants underwent a mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT), body composition, and indirect calorimetry before and 3 months after VSG.
Glycemic control (HbA1c, diabetes medications), insulin sensitivity (Matsuda Index, Homeostasis Model of Insulin Sensitivity, oral minimal model), and secretion (C-peptide model).
After VSG, weight and BMI decreased (25.2 ± 5.6 kg [19%], -8.7 ± 2 kg/m
[18%], respectively,
< .001). Body fat decreased (4.5%,
= .012), with reductions of 14.1 ± 5.4 kg of fat mass (
= .005) and 4.5 kg of fat-free mass (
= .034). HbA1c decreased from 6.6 ± 0.2% to 5.7 ± 0.2% (
= .003), with 86% of participants no longer requiring diabetes medications. Glucose was lower throughout the MMTT, with insulin, C-peptide, free fatty acids, glucagon-like peptide-1, and peptide-YY significantly changing postsurgery (
< .05 for all). Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion rate during the MMTT significantly improved.
Three months post-VSG, youth showed significant improvements in weight, body composition, insulin sensitivity and secretion, and glycemic control, with most no longer requiring diabetes medications.
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Subject
