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Early Results from GLASS–JWST. XXI. Rapid Asembly of a Galaxy at z = 6.23 Revealed by Its C/O Abundance

by Glazebrook, Karl , Wang, Xin , Vulcani, Benedetta , Dressler, Alan , Henry, A , Boyett, Kristan , Bradac, Marusa , Brammer, Gabriel , Mascia, Sara , Jones, Tucker , Roberts-Borsani, Guido , Treu, Tommaso , Merlin, Emiliano , Santini, Paola , Bergamini, Pietro , Morishita, Takahiro , Trenti, Michele , Grasha, Kathryn , Huntzinger, Erin , Chen, Yuguang , Pentericci, Laura , Sanders, Ryan , Paris, Diego , Calabró, Antonello , Nanayakkara, Themiya

in Abundance / Big bang cosmology / Carbon / Chemical analysis / Emission lines / Galaxies / James Webb Space Telescope / Nuclear fusion / Spectral energy distribution / Star & galaxy formation / Star formation / Star formation rate / Stars / Stellar mass

2023

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Early Results from GLASS–JWST. XXI. Rapid Asembly of a Galaxy at z = 6.23 Revealed by Its C/O Abundance

2023

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Early Results from GLASS–JWST. XXI. Rapid Asembly of a Galaxy at z = 6.23 Revealed by Its C/O Abundance

2023

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Journal Article

Early Results from GLASS–JWST. XXI. Rapid Asembly of a Galaxy at z = 6.23 Revealed by Its C/O Abundance

Glazebrook, Karl,

Wang, Xin,

Vulcani, Benedetta,

Dressler, Alan,

Henry, A,

Boyett, Kristan,

Bradac, Marusa,

Brammer, Gabriel,

Mascia, Sara,

Jones, Tucker,

Roberts-Borsani, Guido,

Treu, Tommaso,

Merlin, Emiliano,

Santini, Paola,

Bergamini, Pietro,

Morishita, Takahiro,

Trenti, Michele,

Grasha, Kathryn,

Huntzinger, Erin,

Chen, Yuguang,

Pentericci, Laura,

Sanders, Ryan,

Paris, Diego,

Calabró, Antonello,

Nanayakkara, Themiya

2023

Overview

The abundance of carbon relative to oxygen (C/O) is a promising probe of star formation history in the early universe, as the ratio changes with time due to production of these elements by different nucleosynthesis pathways. We present a measurement of log(C/O)=−1.01±0.12 (stat) ±0.15 (sys) in a z = 6.23 galaxy observed as part of the GLASS–JWST Early Release Science Program. Notably, we achieve good precision thanks to the detection of the rest-frame ultraviolet O iii], C iii], and C iv emission lines delivered by JWST/NIRSpec. The C/O abundance is ∼0.8 dex lower than the solar value and is consistent with the expected yield from core-collapse supernovae, indicating that longer-lived intermediate-mass stars have not fully contributed to carbon enrichment. This in turn implies rapid buildup of a young stellar population with age ≲100 Myr in a galaxy seen ∼900 Myr after the big bang. Our chemical abundance analysis is consistent with spectral energy distribution modeling of JWST/NIRCam photometric data, which indicates a current stellar mass logM*/M☉=8.4−0.2+0.4 and specific star formation rate ≃20 Gyr−1. These results showcase the value of chemical abundances and C/O in particular to study the earliest stages of galaxy assembly.

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Publisher

IOP Publishing

Subject

/ Carbon

/ James Webb Space Telescope