Journal Article

Adipose Tissue‐Derived Multipotent Stromal Cells Have a Higher Immunomodulatory Capacity Than Their Bone Marrow‐Derived Counterparts

Zwaginga, Jaap Jan, Roelofs, Helene, Melief, Sara M., Fibbe, Willem E.

2013

Overview

Adipose tissue‐derived multipotent stromal cells (AT‐MSCs) are studied as an alternative to bone marrow‐derived multipotent stromal cells (BM‐MSCs) for immunomodulatory treatment. In this study, we systematically compared the immunomodulatory capacities of BM‐MSCs and AT‐MSCs derived from age‐matched donors. We found that BM‐MSCs and AT‐MSCs share a similar immunophenotype and capacity for in vitro multilineage differentiation. BM‐MSCs and AT‐MSCs showed comparable immunomodulatory effects as they were both able to suppress proliferation of stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and to inhibit differentiation of monocyte‐derived immature dendritic cells. However, at equal cell numbers, the AT‐MSCs showed more potent immunomodulatory effects in both assays as compared with BM‐MSCs. Moreover, AT‐MSCs showed a higher level of secretion of cytokines that have been implicated in the immunomodulatory modes of action of multipotent stromal cells, such as interleukin‐6 and transforming growth factor‐β1. This is correlated with higher metabolic activity of AT‐MSCs compared with BM‐MSCs. We conclude that the immunomodulatory capacities of BM‐MSCs and AT‐MSCs are similar, but that differences in cytokine secretion cause AT‐MSCs to have more potent immunomodulatory effects than BM‐MSCs. Therefore, lower numbers of AT‐MSCs evoke the same level of immunomodulation. These data indicate that AT‐MSCs can be considered as a good alternative to BM‐MSCs for immunomodulatory therapy. This study systematically compared the immunomodulatory capacities of adipose tissue‐derived multipotent stromal cells (AT‐MSCs) and bone marrow‐derived multipotent stromal cells (BM‐MSCs) derived from age‐matched donors. It was found that BM‐MSCs and AT‐MSCs show functionally similar immunomodulatory effects, but with a different dose‐response curve, in favor of AT‐MSCs. AT‐MSCs can be considered as a good alternative to BM‐MSCs for immunomodulatory therapy.

• Publisher: AlphaMed Press,Oxford University Press
• Subject: Adipocytes / Adipose tissue / Adipose Tissue - cytology / Adipose Tissue - immunology / Adipose Tissue - metabolism / Adult human bone marrow / Age / Body fat / Bone marrow / Bone Marrow Cells - cytology / Bone Marrow Cells - immunology / Bone Marrow Cells - metabolism / Bone marrow stromal cells / Cell Communication / Cell Differentiation / Cell Lineage - immunology / Cell Proliferation / Cell-Based Drug Development, Screening, and Toxicology / Cells, Cultured / Cellular therapy / Clinical trials / Coculture Techniques / Cytokines / Dendritic cells / Dendritic Cells - cytology / Dendritic Cells - immunology / Dendritic Cells - metabolism / Humans / Immunomodulation / Immunophenotyping / Immunosuppression / Interleukin-6 - biosynthesis / Interleukin-6 - secretion / Leukocytes (mononuclear) / Leukocytes, Mononuclear - cytology / Leukocytes, Mononuclear - immunology / Leukocytes, Mononuclear - metabolism / Lymphocytes / Marrow stromal stem cells / Medical wastes / Mesenchymal stem cells / Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology / Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - immunology / Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - metabolism / Metabolism / Monocytes / Multipotent Stem Cells - cytology / Multipotent Stem Cells - immunology / Multipotent Stem Cells - metabolism / Peripheral blood mononuclear cells / Stem cells / Stromal cells / Studies / Transforming growth factor / Transforming Growth Factor beta1 - biosynthesis / Transforming Growth Factor beta1 - secretion