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Organization of Mhc class II A and B genes in the tilapiine fish Oreochromis
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Organization of Mhc class II A and B genes in the tilapiine fish Oreochromis
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Journal Article
Organization of Mhc class II A and B genes in the tilapiine fish Oreochromis
2012
Overview
Perch-like fishes of the family Cichlidae are models for the study of speciation. An important tool in these studies is the major histocompatibility complex (
Mhc
) and its organization. The present study takes the first step toward the elucidation of the
Mhc
class II gene organization in the tilapiine fish
Oreochromis niloticus
(
Orni
). Using class II
A
- and class II
B
-specific probes,
Mhc
-bearing clones were identified and isolated from a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library. The analysis of these clones by a combination of molecular, genetic-mapping, and phylogenetic methods led to the identification of nine class II
A
and 15 class II
B
loci. Genes at these loci constitute two families, which we designate as class II
a
and class II
b
families. Each of the families contains
A
and
B
loci. Some genes in both families are expressed and functional. The two families differ in their chromosomal location (they are unlinked) and their mode of evolution. The class II
a
family genes are conserved across different teleost taxonomical orders, whereas the class II
b
family genes are apparently products of multiple, more recent, rounds of gene duplications. The rounds established at least five monophyletic groups of genes. The founding unit of each monophyletic group might have been a pair of class II
A
and
B
loci.
Publisher
Springer-Verlag,Springer Nature B.V
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