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Risk for depression and suicidal ideation among food insecure US veterans: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study
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Risk for depression and suicidal ideation among food insecure US veterans: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study
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Risk for depression and suicidal ideation among food insecure US veterans: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study
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Journal Article
Risk for depression and suicidal ideation among food insecure US veterans: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study
2021
Overview
BackgroundSuicide and food insecurity (i.e., lack of access to food) are two major issues that affect US Veterans.PurposeUsing a US-based sample, we evaluated the association between food insecurity and suicidal ideation among Veterans. Because depression often precedes suicide, we also examined the association between food insecurity and depression.MethodsUsing data from 2630 Veterans who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2016, we conducted an adjusted linear regression model to evaluate the association between food insecurity (measured using 18-item Household Food Security Survey) and depression (measured using PHQ-9) and an adjusted binary logistic regression model to evaluate the association between food insecurity and suicidal ideation (measured using PHQ-9 Question 9). Models were adjusted for gender, age, income-to-poverty ratio, race/ethnicity, and education level.ResultsOf the sample, 11.5% were food insecure, depression scores averaged 2.86 (SD = 4.28), and 3.7% endorsed suicidal ideation. Veterans with marginal (β = 0.68, 95%CI [0.09,1.28]), low (β = 1.38, 95%CI [0.70,2.05]) or very low food security (β = 3.08, 95%CI [2.34, 3.83]) had significantly increased depression scores compared to food secure Veterans. Veterans with low (OR = 2.15, 95%CI [1.08, 4.27]) or very low food security (OR = 3.84, 95%CI [2.05, 7.20]) had significantly increased odds for suicidal ideation compared to food secure Veterans.ConclusionFood insecurity in Veterans is associated with increased depression symptoms and suicidal ideation. This association strengthens as food insecurity worsens. Veterans with food insecurity should be screened for depression and suicidal ideation. Simultaneously, depression treatment plans and suicide prevention programs should consider basic needs like food security.
Publisher
Springer Nature B.V
