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Harnessing piezoelectricity for musculoskeletal regeneration: microcurrents to tissue repair
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Journal Article
Harnessing piezoelectricity for musculoskeletal regeneration: microcurrents to tissue repair
2025
Overview
Piezoelectric materials offer a unique approach to musculoskeletal tissue regeneration due to their abilities to generate electric charge in response to mechanical stimulation.Fabrication techniques of piezoelectric materials play a crucial role in the magnitude of their effects.Applications of piezoelectric materials span various tissues, such as bone, skin, muscle cartilage, and nerve.Challenges remain in the field regarding the utilization of piezoelectric materials, which has limited their more widespread use.Future perspectives highlight the potential for personalized and minimally invasive therapies, taking advantage of piezoelectric materials.
Piezoelectric scaffolds are emerging as promising therapeutic strategies for musculoskeletal regeneration. These materials convert mechanical forces, ranging from intrinsic motion to focused ultrasound (US) force, into localized electrical cues for tissue-specific musculoskeletal regeneration. Mechanistically, piezoelectric-converted electrical energy activates mechanosensitive and voltage-gated channels that trigger early regenerative signaling pathways. In this review, we describe the fundamental principles of the piezoelectric material class that focus on dipole alignment, geometry, and activation paradigms to culminate in their differential effects on the regeneration of musculoskeletal tissues. We also discuss lead-free platforms, closed-loop systems, as well as printable constructs capable of delivering wire-free electrical stimulation (ES). Finally, we discuss current translational challenges and future directions and practical steps toward clinical adoption of piezoelectric scaffolds.
Piezoelectric scaffolds are emerging as promising therapeutic strategies for musculoskeletal regeneration. These materials convert mechanical forces, ranging from intrinsic motion to focused ultrasound (US) force, into localized electrical cues for tissue-specific musculoskeletal regeneration. Mechanistically, piezoelectric-converted electrical energy activates mechanosensitive and voltage-gated channels that trigger early regenerative signaling pathways. In this review, we describe the fundamental principles of the piezoelectric material class that focus on dipole alignment, geometry, and activation paradigms to culminate in their differential effects on the regeneration of musculoskeletal tissues. We also discuss lead-free platforms, closed-loop systems, as well as printable constructs capable of delivering wire-free electrical stimulation (ES). Finally, we discuss current translational challenges and future directions and practical steps toward clinical adoption of piezoelectric scaffolds.
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
